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+ | <h1 style="color:#7acbd8;"><center>Abstract</h1> | ||
+ | <p style="color:MediumSeaGreen;">>La loque americana es una enfermedad que se encuentra en las colmenas de abeja (Apis mellifera) alrededor del mundo y que afecta a las larvas en su etapa prepupal. Dicha enfermedad es ocasionada por el bacilo Gram-positivo Paenibacillus larvae. En la actualidad, se utilizan dos técnicas para el tratamiento de la misma: el uso de antibióticos (cloranfenicol y oxitetraciclina) y la quema de colmenas enfermas. La primera promueve el desarrollo de resistencia a antibióticos por parte de la bacteria, mientras que la segunda ocasiona grandes pérdidas monetarias a los apicultores. Es por esto que se busca afectar la viabilidad de P. larvae en las colmenas con alternativas menos costosas y amigables con las abejas y el medio ambiente. Para esto, se propone la excreción de proteínas heterólogas en Zygosaccharomyces bailii para la inhibición de P. larvae. Se insertarán en un vector de expresión los genes de péptidos antimicrobianos (defensina 2 + apidaecina), surfactina y el gen Gasp, el cual . El medio de aplicación tendrá adicionado indol para evitar la germinación de esporas de P. larvae y un extracto en hexano de aceites esenciales de Achyrocline sateuroides para lograr un efecto sinérgico con la surfactina contra P. larvae. | ||
+ | </p> | ||
{{Team:Tec-Chihuahua/CSS}} | {{Team:Tec-Chihuahua/CSS}} |
Revision as of 17:54, 31 May 2018
- {
margin: 0; padding: 0;
}
- toc {
display: none !important; /* Seriously, igem? */
}
/*-- Fonts --*/
@font-face {
font-family: wolf; src: url('https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2017/0/02/Tec-Chihuahua-wolf-font.ttf');
}
/*-- Nav Bar Display --*/
nav {
position: fixed; width: 100%; top: 16px; background-color: #fff; text-align: center; padding: 10px 0; transition: all 0.5s ease; align-content: right; z-index: 500; box-shadow: 2px -6px 8px 5px #333;
}
nav.hidden {
transform: translate(0, -100%);
}
nav ul li {
margin-right: 0px;
}
nav ul {
margin: 0px; padding: 0px; list-style: none;
}
nav ul li {
box-sizing: border-box; position: relative; display: inline-block; min-width: 145px; min-height: 100%; color: #000; line-height: 50px; text-align: center; font-size: 15px;
}
nav ul li a {
text-decoration: none; color: #000; display: block; font-family: 'Lato', sans-serif; text-align: center;
}
nav ul li a:hover {
background-color: #000; color: #fff;
}
nav ul li ul {
display: none;
}
nav ul li:hover ul {
display: block; position: absolute; top: 35px; z-index: 3; margin: 0 !important; width: 100%; z-index: 20; box-shadow: 4px 4px 14px 0px #999;
}
nav ul li ul li {
display: block; background-color: #fff; opacity: .9; margin-bottom: 0;
}
/*-- content --*/
.content {
padding-top: 38px; background-position: left top; background-color: #fff; background-attachment: fixed; background-repeat: repeat; background-size: cover;
}
.content h1 {
font-family: 'Century Gothic', sans-serif; color: #f9f3f4; font-size: 500%; text-shadow: 9px 9px 15px #000;
}
.content h3 {
font-family: 'Century Gothic', sans-serif; color: #f9f3f4; font-size: 200%; text-shadow: 9px 9px 15px #000; text-align: center;
}
.team-img{
max-width: 75%;
}
.parallax-bg {
padding: 50px 0; background-image: url(); background-size: cover; background-attachment: fixed; -webkit-transition: all 0.2s ease; -moz-transition: all 0.2s ease; transition: all 0.2s ease; margin-bottom: 40px;
}
.parallax-bg.big > center > img {
max-width: 80%;
}
p.standout {
font-size: 18px;
}
.content .container img {
max-width: 100%;
}
.parallax-bg.big {
padding: 50px 0;
}
.parallax-bg h1 {
text-align: center; color: #fff; font-size: 60px;
}
.parallax-bg.big h1 {
font-size: 10px;
}
/*-- Headeresl --*/
.safety-bg {
padding: 50px 0; background-image: url(); background-size: cover; background-attachment: fixed; -webkit-transition: all 0.2s ease; -moz-transition: all 0.2s ease; transition: all 0.2s ease; margin-bottom: 40px;
}
.safety-bg h1 {
text-align: center; color: #fff; font-size: 60px;
}
.medals-bg {
padding: 50px 0; background-image: url(); background-size: cover; background-attachment: fixed; -webkit-transition: all 0.2s ease; -moz-transition: all 0.2s ease; transition: all 0.2s ease; margin-bottom: 40px;
}
.medals-bg h1 {
text-align: center; color: #fff; font-size: 60px;
}
.notebook-bg {
padding: 50px 0; background-image: url(); background-size: cover; background-attachment: fixed; -webkit-transition: all 0.2s ease; -moz-transition: all 0.2s ease; transition: all 0.2s ease; margin-bottom: 40px;
}
.notebook-bg h1 {
text-align: center; color: #fff; font-size: 60px;
}
.Public-bg {
padding: 60px 0; background-image: url(); background-size: cover; background-attachment: fixed; -webkit-transition: all 0.2s ease; -moz-transition: all 0.2s ease; transition: all 0.2s ease; margin-bottom: 40px;
}
.Public-bg h1 {
text-align: center; color: #fff; font-size: 60px;
}
.overentre-bg {
padding: 100px 0; background-image: url(); background-size: cover; background-attachment: fixed; -webkit-transition: all 0.2s ease; -moz-transition: all 0.2s ease; transition: all 0.2s ease; margin-bottom: 40px;
}
.overentre-bg h1 {
text-align: center; color: #fff; font-size: 60px;
}
.banlab-bg {
padding: 50px 0; background-image: url(); background-size: cover; background-attachment: fixed; -webkit-transition: all 0.2s ease; -moz-transition: all 0.2s ease; transition: all 0.2s ease; margin-bottom: 40px;
}
.banlab-bg h1 {
text-align: center; color: #fff; font-size: 60px;
}
.fotolab-bg {
padding: 50px 0; background-image: url(); background-size: cover; background-attachment: fixed; -webkit-transition: all 0.2s ease; -moz-transition: all 0.2s ease; transition: all 0.2s ease; margin-bottom: 40px;
}
.fotolab-bg h1 {
text-align: center; color: #fff; font-size: 60px;
}
.protocolos-bg {
padding: 50px 0; background-image: url(); background-size: cover; background-attachment: fixed; -webkit-transition: all 0.2s ease; -moz-transition: all 0.2s ease; transition: all 0.2s ease; margin-bottom: 40px;
}
.protocolos-bg h1 {
text-align: center; color: #fff; font-size: 60px;
}
.human-bg {
padding: 60px 0; background-image: url(); background-size: cover; background-attachment: fixed; -webkit-transition: all 0.2s ease; -moz-transition: all 0.2s ease; transition: all 0.2s ease; margin-bottom: 40px;
}
.human-bg h1 {
text-align: center; color: #fff; font-size: 60px;
}
.team-bg {
padding: 80px 0; background-image: url(); background-size: cover; background-attachment: fixed; -webkit-transition: all 0.2s ease; -moz-transition: all 0.2s ease; transition: all 0.2s ease; margin-bottom: 40px;
}
.team-bg h1 {
text-align: center; color: #fff; font-size: 60px;
}
.empre-bg {
padding: 60px 0; background-image: url(); background-size: cover; background-attachment: fixed; -webkit-transition: all 0.2s ease; -moz-transition: all 0.2s ease; transition: all 0.2s ease; margin-bottom: 40px;
}
.empre-bg h1 {
text-align: center; color: #fff; font-size: 60px;
}
.banbrain {
padding: 80px 0; background-image: url(); background-size: cover; background-attachment: fixed; -webkit-transition: all 0.2s ease; -moz-transition: all 0.2s ease; transition: all 0.2s ease; margin-bottom: 40px;
}
.banbrain h1 {
text-align: center; color: #fff; font-size: 80px;
}
.lean-bg {
padding: 60px 0; background-image: url(); background-size: cover; background-attachment: fixed; -webkit-transition: all 0.2s ease; -moz-transition: all 0.2s ease; transition: all 0.2s ease; margin-bottom: 40px;
}
.lean-bg h1 {
text-align: center; color: #fff; font-size: 60px;
}
.integrated-bg {
padding: 70px 0; background-image: url(); background-size: cover; background-attachment: fixed; -webkit-transition: all 0.2s ease; -moz-transition: all 0.2s ease; transition: all 0.2s ease; margin-bottom: 40px;
}
.integrated-bg h1 {
text-align: center; color: #fff; font-size: 60px;
}
.design-bg {
padding: 50px 0; background-image: url(); background-size: cover; background-attachment: fixed; -webkit-transition: all 0.2s ease; -moz-transition: all 0.2s ease; transition: all 0.2s ease; margin-bottom: 40px;
}
.design-bg h1 {
text-align: center; color: #fff; font-size: 60px;
}
.parts-bg {
padding: 50px 0; background-image: url(); background-size: cover; background-attachment: fixed; -webkit-transition: all 0.2s ease; -moz-transition: all 0.2s ease; transition: all 0.2s ease; margin-bottom: 40px;
}
.parts-bg h1 {
text-align: center; color: #fff; font-size: 60px;
}
.results-bg {
padding: 50px 0; background-image: url(); background-size: cover; background-attachment: fixed; -webkit-transition: all 0.2s ease; -moz-transition: all 0.2s ease; transition: all 0.2s ease; margin-bottom: 40px;
}
.results-bg h1 {
text-align: center; color: #fff; font-size: 60px;
}
.home-bg {
padding: 50px 0; background-image: url(); background-size: cover; background-attachment: fixed; -webkit-transition: all 0.2s ease; -moz-transition: all 0.2s ease; transition: all 0.2s ease; margin-bottom: 40px;
}
.home-bg.big > center > img {
max-width: 80%;
}
p.standout {
font-size: 18px;
}
.content .container img {
max-width: 100%;
}
.home-bg.big {
padding: 50px 0;
}
.home-bg h1 {
text-align: center; color: #fff; font-size: 60px;
}
.home-bg.big h1 {
font-size: 10px;
}
.improve-bg {
padding: 50px 0; background-image: url(); background-size: cover; background-attachment: fixed; -webkit-transition: all 0.2s ease; -moz-transition: all 0.2s ease; transition: all 0.2s ease; margin-bottom: 40px;
}
.improve-bg h1 {
text-align: center; color: #fff; font-size: 60px;
}
.demo-bg {
padding: 50px 0; background-image: url(); background-size: cover; background-attachment: fixed; -webkit-transition: all 0.2s ease; -moz-transition: all 0.2s ease; transition: all 0.2s ease; margin-bottom: 40px;
}
.demo-bg h1 {
text-align: center; color: #fff; font-size: 60px;
}
.silver-bg {
padding: 50px 0; background-image: url(); background-size: cover; background-attachment: fixed; -webkit-transition: all 0.2s ease; -moz-transition: all 0.2s ease; transition: all 0.2s ease; margin-bottom: 40px;
}
.silver-bg h1 {
text-align: center; color: #fff; font-size: 60px;
}
.bronze-bg {
padding: 50px 0; background-image: url(); background-size: cover; background-attachment: fixed; -webkit-transition: all 0.2s ease; -moz-transition: all 0.2s ease; transition: all 0.2s ease; margin-bottom: 40px;
}
.bronze-bg h1 {
text-align: center; color: #fff; font-size: 60px;
}
.colab-bg {
padding: 50px 0; background-image: url(); background-size: cover; background-attachment: fixed; -webkit-transition: all 0.2s ease; -moz-transition: all 0.2s ease; transition: all 0.2s ease; margin-bottom: 40px;
}
.colab-bg h1 {
text-align: center; color: #fff; font-size: 60px;
}
/*-- Header model --*/
.model-bg {
padding: 50px 0; background-image: url(); background-size: cover; background-attachment: fixed; -webkit-transition: all 0.2s ease; -moz-transition: all 0.2s ease; transition: all 0.2s ease; margin-bottom: 40px;
}
.model-bg.big > center > img {
max-width: 80%;
}
p.standout {
font-size: 18px;
}
.content .container img {
max-width: 100%;
}
.model-bg.big {
padding: 50px 0;
}
.model-bg h1 {
text-align: center; color: #fff; font-size: 60px;
}
.model-bg.big h1 {
font-size: 10px;
}
/*-- Team Galery --*/
.pimg1, .pimg2, .pimg3, .pimg4, .pimg5, .pimg6, .pimg7, .pimg8, .pimg9, .pimg10, .pimg11 {
position: relative; opacity: 0.90; background-position: center; background-size: cover; background-repeat: no-repeat; background-color: red; z-index: -2; /* fixed = parallax scroll = normal */ background-attachment: fixed;
}
.section {
text-align: center; padding: 50px 80px;
}
.section-light {
background-color: #f4f4f4; color: #282e34;
}
.section-light h1 {
font-family: lato; font-size: 300%
}
.section-dark {
background-color: #282e34; color: #ddd; font-family: lato; font-size: 125%
}
.ptext {
position: absolute; top: 50%; width: 100%; text-align: center; color: #000; font-size: 27px; letter-spacing: 8px; text-transform: uppercase;
}
.ptext .border {
background-color: #111; color: #fff; padding: 20px; font-family: Lato; font-size: 150%; text-shadow: 9px 9px 15px #000;
}
.ptext .border.trans {
background-color: transparent;
}
.footer {
background-color: #333333; padding: 40px 15px; border-top: #333 solid 1px;
}
.footer img {
display: block; margin: 0px auto; max-width: 100%;
}
.center {
text-align: center;
}
.footer .center {
color: #fff;
}
.footer a {
color: #4BBDFF;
}
.footer h2 {
color: #fff;
}
.footer .sponsors {
background-color: #fff; padding: 15px;
}
@media(max-width:568px) {
.pimg1, .pimg2, .pimg3 { background-attachment: scroll; }
}
.center-block {
display: block; margin: 0px auto;
}
.content .container h3 {
color: #333; text-shadow: none; margin-top: 20px;
}
.content .container h2 {
font-size: 3rem;
}
p.cool {
text-align: center; color: #999; font-style: italic; margin: 20px 10vw;
}
/* JOURNAL */ .bacteria{
font-style: italic;
}
.quote-date{
color: #679390; font-size: 18px;
} .quote-date b{
color: #B1DF1A; font-size: 22px;
} .in-quote{
box-shadow: 0 0 3px 1px rgba(0,0,0,.35); border-radius: 5px;
} .in-quote img{
width: 100%; margin-bottom: 1em; box-shadow: inset 0 0 7px 4px rgba(255,255,255,.5)
}
/* NOTEBOOK */ .month{
margin-top: 10px;
} .journal-left{
margin-top: 5px; right: -1px; border-right: dashed 2px #679390; text-align: right;
} .journal-left h3{
margin: 2px;
} .journal-right{
margin-top: 5px; left: -1px; border-left: dashed 2px #679390; text-align: left;
} .journal-right h3{
margin: 2px;
}
- notebook-title{
margin-top: 2em; font-size: 70px;
}
- notebook-quote{
font-size: 20px; text-align: left; margin-top: 120px;
}
- notebook-menu{
position: absolute; text-align: right; top: -4em;
}
- notebook-menu li{
font-size: 20px; list-style-type: none; font-weight: bold; line-height: 25px;
} .notebook-month{
right: -50px; font-weight: normal; font-size: 18px; height: 20px; line-height: 15px;
}
nav a:visited {
color: #000;
}
nav a:hover {
text-decoration: none !important;
}
nav ul li:hover ul {
top: 50px; background-color: #fff;
}
nav {
height: 50px !important; padding: 0 !important;
}
nav > ul {
margin: 0 !important; height: 50px !important;
}
Abstract
>La loque americana es una enfermedad que se encuentra en las colmenas de abeja (Apis mellifera) alrededor del mundo y que afecta a las larvas en su etapa prepupal. Dicha enfermedad es ocasionada por el bacilo Gram-positivo Paenibacillus larvae. En la actualidad, se utilizan dos técnicas para el tratamiento de la misma: el uso de antibióticos (cloranfenicol y oxitetraciclina) y la quema de colmenas enfermas. La primera promueve el desarrollo de resistencia a antibióticos por parte de la bacteria, mientras que la segunda ocasiona grandes pérdidas monetarias a los apicultores. Es por esto que se busca afectar la viabilidad de P. larvae en las colmenas con alternativas menos costosas y amigables con las abejas y el medio ambiente. Para esto, se propone la excreción de proteínas heterólogas en Zygosaccharomyces bailii para la inhibición de P. larvae. Se insertarán en un vector de expresión los genes de péptidos antimicrobianos (defensina 2 + apidaecina), surfactina y el gen Gasp, el cual . El medio de aplicación tendrá adicionado indol para evitar la germinación de esporas de P. larvae y un extracto en hexano de aceites esenciales de Achyrocline sateuroides para lograr un efecto sinérgico con la surfactina contra P. larvae.
{{Team:Tec-Chihuahua/CSS}}
.
..
Template:Team:Tec-Chihuahua/CSS
</html>