Difference between revisions of "Team:Bordeaux/Description"

 
(14 intermediate revisions by the same user not shown)
Line 32: Line 32:
  
 
         .text_intro {
 
         .text_intro {
−
            background-color: #fffc;
 
 
             padding: 4% 4% 4% 4%;
 
             padding: 4% 4% 4% 4%;
 
             position: relative;
 
             position: relative;
Line 184: Line 183:
 
         .text_intro img {
 
         .text_intro img {
 
             filter: drop-shadow(5px 5px 5px #2222224d);
 
             filter: drop-shadow(5px 5px 5px #2222224d);
 +
        }
 +
 +
        .bg-semiwhite {
 +
            background-color: #fffc;
 
         }
 
         }
 
     </style>
 
     </style>
Line 192: Line 195:
 
     <!-- Intro Team IGEM-->
 
     <!-- Intro Team IGEM-->
 
     <canvas style="position: fixed; z-index: 0"></canvas>
 
     <canvas style="position: fixed; z-index: 0"></canvas>
−
     <div class="container text_intro">
+
     <div class="container text_intro" style="margin-top: 50px;">
−
         <h2>Far Waste in the Landes forest</h2>
+
         <h1 class="text-longshadow">Far Waste in the Landes forest</h1>
−
         <div id="videocontainer" style="z-index:1!important;">
+
         <div id="videocontainer" style="z-index:1!important; margin-top: 18%; margin-bottom: 50px;">
 
             <video autoplay muted loop id="videobg" style="width:100%!important">
 
             <video autoplay muted loop id="videobg" style="width:100%!important">
 
                 <!-- Source vidéo par défaut -->
 
                 <!-- Source vidéo par défaut -->
Line 202: Line 205:
 
             </video>
 
             </video>
 
         </div>
 
         </div>
−
         <p>
+
         <div class="bg-semiwhite">
−
             <img class="col-md-4 img-fluid img-alongtext-left" src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2018/f/fd/T--Bordeaux--description1.png"
+
             <p>
−
                style="shape-outside: url(https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2018/f/fd/T--Bordeaux--description1.png);">The Landes forest in our region of Nouvelle Aquitaine is the biggest artificial forest in Europe. The most common
+
                <img class="col-md-4 img-fluid img-alongtext-left" src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2018/f/fd/T--Bordeaux--description1.png"
−
            tree in this forest is the maritime pine which is an important tree accounting for 25 percent of the wood production
+
                    style="shape-outside: url(https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2018/f/fd/T--Bordeaux--description1.png);">The Landes forest in our region of Nouvelle Aquitaine is the biggest artificial forest in Europe. The most
−
            in France. This wood production or other wood work brings many co-products like bark or sawdust; these co-products
+
                common tree in this forest is the maritime pine which is an important tree accounting for 25 percent of the
−
            are well recycled but a part of this waste still remains. This wood waste represents a huge amount of biomass
+
                wood production in France. This wood production or other wood work brings many co-products like bark or sawdust;
−
            that could be used to produce many things.</p>
+
                these co-products are well recycled but a part of this waste still remains. This wood waste represents a
−
        <p>We decided to focus on the transformation of this biomass into some building block, the 2,5-Furandicarboxylic acid
+
                huge amount of biomass that could be used to produce many things.</p>
−
            (FDCA). A building block is a chemical that possesses some functional group allowing this molecule to be converted
+
            <p>We decided to focus on the transformation of this biomass into some building block, the 2,5-Furandicarboxylic
−
            into a wide range of useful substances.</p>
+
                acid (FDCA). A building block is a chemical that possesses some functional group allowing this molecule to
−
        <p>
+
                be converted into a wide range of useful substances.</p>
−
            <img class="col-md-4 img-fluid img-alongtext-right" src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2018/3/36/T--Bordeaux--description2.png"
+
            <p>
−
                style="shape-outside: url(https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2018/3/36/T--Bordeaux--description2.png);">FDCA is an interesting building block because of its numerous uses; it can be used to produce biopolymers, that
+
                <img class="col-md-4 img-fluid img-alongtext-right" src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2018/3/36/T--Bordeaux--description2.png"
−
            one may develop bioplastics for example,[1] but it also has great advantages in medicine as an anesthetic or
+
                    style="shape-outside: url(https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2018/3/36/T--Bordeaux--description2.png);">FDCA is an interesting building block because of its numerous uses; it can be used to produce biopolymers,
−
            even in the treatment of kidney stones [2]. FDCA have been ranked as the second most interesting bio based molecule
+
                that one may develop bioplastics for example,[1] but it also has great advantages in medicine as an anesthetic
−
            by the Department Of Energy of the US just behind four carbon diacids [3].</p>
+
                or even in the treatment of kidney stones [2]. FDCA have been ranked as the second most interesting bio based
−
        <p>Our main goal is to find a new way to produce this particular building block (FDCA) in order to reduce the use of
+
                molecule by the Department Of Energy of the US just behind four carbon diacids [3].</p>
−
            oil which is currently the main source of building block. It could significantly prevent the pollution derived
+
            <p>Our main goal is to find a new way to produce this particular building block (FDCA) in order to reduce the use
−
            from the improper oil use.</p>
+
                of oil which is currently the main source of building block. It could significantly prevent the pollution
−
        <p>The first part of our project is already performed in the industry in an environmentally sustainable way. The process
+
                derived from the improper oil use.</p>
−
            corresponding to this first part is chemically made. Our main raw material is cellulose (coming from maritime
+
            <p>The first part of our project is already performed in the industry in an environmentally sustainable way. The
−
            pine) that we will use for our experiments. First of all, this cellulose will be broken down into glucose by
+
                process corresponding to this first part is chemically made. Our main raw material is cellulose (coming from
−
            acid hydrolysis, then this glucose will be isomerized into fructose and finally this fructose will be dehydrated
+
                maritime pine) that we will use for our experiments. First of all, this cellulose will be broken down into
−
            into Hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF)[4].</p>
+
                glucose by acid hydrolysis, then this glucose will be isomerized into fructose and finally this fructose
−
        <p>The second part of our project, which is the conversion from HMF to FDCA is also done in the industry but is quite
+
                will be dehydrated into Hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF)[4].</p>
−
            polluting, which is why we will use molecular biology to avoid this issue.</p>
+
            <p>The second part of our project, which is the conversion from HMF to FDCA is also done in the industry but is
−
        <img class="col-md-12 img-fluid" src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2018/0/06/T--Bordeaux--description3.png">
+
                quite polluting, which is why we will use molecular biology to avoid this issue.</p>
−
        <p>This process is based on the insertion of three different genes into E.Coli to allow it to catalyze the transformation
+
            <img class="col-md-12 img-fluid" src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2018/0/06/T--Bordeaux--description3.png">
−
            of HMF into FDCA. HMF is a toxic molecule and studies show that some strains are resistant to it and are able
+
            <p>This process is based on the insertion of three different genes into
−
            to transform HMF into FDCA. We choose three genes that are HmfH from C. basilensis [6], HmfO from P. putida [7]
+
                <i>E.coli</i> to allow it to catalyze the transformation of HMF into FDCA. HMF is a toxic molecule and studies
−
            and Aldh1 from R. ornithinolytica [8]. This transformation is done in E. coli because it is a well-known bacterium
+
                show that some strains are resistant to it and are able to transform HMF into FDCA. We choose three genes
−
            and it also has a fast growth rate, allowing overnight cultures and genetic experimental results in mere hours.</p>
+
                that are HmfH from C. basilensis [6], HmfO from P. putida [7] and Aldh1 from R. ornithinolytica [8]. This
−
        <p>These genes will perform the transformation of HMF into FDCA in two separated pathways : one for Aldh1 and one for
+
                transformation is done in
−
            HmfH that can be supported by HmfO which is an aspecific enzyme.</p>
+
                <i>E. coli</i> because it is a well-known bacterium and it also has a fast growth rate, allowing overnight cultures
−
        <p>We will try many constructions with those genes to understand which one will demonstrate the best yield for the FDCA
+
                and genetic experimental results in mere hours.</p>
−
            production. We will also try to improve these constructions, the proteins or even the strains in order to obtain
+
            <p>These genes will perform the transformation of HMF into FDCA in two separated pathways : one for Aldh1 and one
−
            a better yield, closer to the one obtained by chemical processes, but in a much more sustainable way.</p>
+
                for HmfH that can be supported by HmfO which is an aspecific enzyme.</p>
−
        <div id="ref">
+
            <p>We will try many constructions with those genes to understand which one will demonstrate the best yield for the
−
            <h4>References :</h4>
+
                FDCA production. We will also try to improve these constructions, the proteins or even the strains in order
−
            <ol type="1">
+
                to obtain a better yield, closer to the one obtained by chemical processes, but in a much more sustainable
−
                <li>Corbion : FDCA for PEF
+
                way.
−
                    <a href="https://www.corbion.com/bioplastics/products/fdca-for-pef">https://www.corbion.com/bioplastics/products/fdca-for-pef</a>
+
            </p>
−
                </li>
+
            <div id="ref">
−
                <li>Lewkowski J et al., “Synthesis, chemistry and applications of 5-hydroxymethyl-furfural and its derivatives”.
+
                <h4>References :</h4>
−
                    2001, ARKIVOC 2001 ; pp. 17-54</li>
+
                <ol type="1">
−
                <li>Werpy T., Petersen G., et al., “Top Value Added Chemicals from Biomass Volume I — Results of Screening for
+
                    <li>Corbion : FDCA for PEF
−
                    Potential Candidates from Sugars and Synthesis Gas Top Value Added Chemicals From Biomass Volume I :
+
                        <a href="https://www.corbion.com/bioplastics/products/fdca-for-pef">https://www.corbion.com/bioplastics/products/fdca-for-pef</a>
−
                    Results of Screening for Potential Candidates” Other Inf. PBD 1 Aug 2004 Medium: ED; Size: 76 pp. pages
+
                    </li>
−
                    (2004). DOI : 10.2172/15008859</li>
+
                    <li>Lewkowski J et al., “Synthesis, chemistry and applications of 5-hydroxymethyl-furfural and its derivatives”.
−
                <li>DESPAX-MACHEFEL S., et al., “Développement de méthodologies de synthèse d’hydroxymethylfurfural a partir
+
                        2001, ARKIVOC 2001 ; pp. 17-54</li>
−
                    de biomasse lignocellulosique” , 2013</li>
+
                    <li>Werpy T., Petersen G., et al., “Top Value Added Chemicals from Biomass Volume I — Results of Screening
−
                <li>Liu J1, Tang Y., Wu K., Bi C., Cui Q., et al., “Conversion of fructose into 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF)
+
                        for Potential Candidates from Sugars and Synthesis Gas Top Value Added Chemicals From Biomass Volume
−
                    and its derivatives promoted by inorganic salt in alcohol”, Carbohydr Res, 2012, 10.1016/j.carres.2011.12.006</li>
+
                        I : Results of Screening for Potential Candidates” Other Inf. PBD 1 Aug 2004 Medium: ED; Size: 76
−
                <li>Koopman F., Wierckx N., de Winde JH., Ruijssenaars HJ., et al., “Identification and characterization of the
+
                        pp. pages (2004). DOI : 10.2172/15008859</li>
−
                    furfural and 5-(hydroxymethyl)furfural degradation pathways of Cupriavidus basilensis HMF14”</li>
+
                    <li>DESPAX-MACHEFEL S., et al., “Développement de méthodologies de synthèse d’hydroxymethylfurfural a partir
−
                <li>“Conversion and assimilation of furfural and 5-(hydroxymethyl)furfural by Pseudomonas putida KT2440”, T.
+
                        de biomasse lignocellulosique” , 2013</li>
−
                    Michael et al, Juin 2017, Metabolic Engineering Communications
+
                    <li>Liu J1, Tang Y., Wu K., Bi C., Cui Q., et al., “Conversion of fructose into 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF)
−
                    <a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.meteno.2017.02.001">https://doi.org/10.1016/j.meteno.2017.02.001</a>
+
                        and its derivatives promoted by inorganic salt in alcohol”, Carbohydr Res, 2012, 10.1016/j.carres.2011.12.006</li>
−
                </li>
+
                    <li>Koopman F., Wierckx N., de Winde JH., Ruijssenaars HJ., et al., “Identification and characterization
−
                <li>Yuana H., et al.,, “Improved production of 2,5-furandicarboxylic acid by overexpression of 5-hydroxymethylfurfural
+
                        of the furfural and 5-(hydroxymethyl)furfural degradation pathways of Cupriavidus basilensis HMF14”</li>
−
                    oxidase and 5-hydroxymethylfurfural/furfural oxidoreductase in Raoultella ornithinolytica BF60” , Bioresource
+
                    <li>“Conversion and assimilation of furfural and 5-(hydroxymethyl)furfural by Pseudomonas putida KT2440”,
−
                    Technologies, janvier 2018
+
                        T. Michael et al, Juin 2017, Metabolic Engineering Communications
−
                    <a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biortech.2017.08.166">https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biortech.2017.08.166</a>
+
                        <a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.meteno.2017.02.001">https://doi.org/10.1016/j.meteno.2017.02.001</a>
−
                </li>
+
                    </li>
−
            </ol>
+
                    <li>Yuana H., et al.,, “Improved production of 2,5-furandicarboxylic acid by overexpression of 5-hydroxymethylfurfural
 +
                        oxidase and 5-hydroxymethylfurfural/furfural oxidoreductase in Raoultella ornithinolytica BF60” ,
 +
                        Bioresource Technologies, janvier 2018
 +
                        <a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biortech.2017.08.166">https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biortech.2017.08.166</a>
 +
                    </li>
 +
                </ol>
 +
            </div>
 
         </div>
 
         </div>
 
     </div>
 
     </div>
Line 320: Line 329:
 
             coef: [0.1, 0.2, 0.4, 0.6, 0.9], //how much the letters move from the mouse (starting from the deepest layer)
 
             coef: [0.1, 0.2, 0.4, 0.6, 0.9], //how much the letters move from the mouse (starting from the deepest layer)
 
             size: [16, 22, 36, 40, 46], //font size of the letters (starting from the deepest layer)
 
             size: [16, 22, 36, 40, 46], //font size of the letters (starting from the deepest layer)
−
             color: ['#fff', '#eee', '#ccc', '#bbb', '#aaa'], //color of the letters (starting from the deepest layer)
+
             color: ['#d0e8f4', '#dbf0df;', '#ffe9a6', '#ece0ed', '#a6f7be'], //color of the letters (starting from the deepest layer)
 +
            //color: ['#00b0ff', '#ff9100', '#aa00ff', '#64dd17', '#aaa'], //color of the letters (starting from the deepest layer)
 +
            //color: ['#4568DC', '#5F68D1', '#7A69C7', '#9569BD', '#B06AB3'], //color of the letters (starting from the deepest layer)
 
             font: 'Courier' //font family (of every layer)
 
             font: 'Courier' //font family (of every layer)
 
         };
 
         };
Line 419: Line 430:
 
         /*REAJUST CANVAS AFTER RESIZE*/
 
         /*REAJUST CANVAS AFTER RESIZE*/
  
−
         window.onresize = function () {
+
         // window.onresize = function () {
−
            location.reload();
+
        //    location.reload();
−
         };
+
         // };
  
 
         document.getElementById('close').onclick = function () {
 
         document.getElementById('close').onclick = function () {

Latest revision as of 09:22, 16 October 2018

Loading...

☰ Menu

Far Waste in the Landes forest

The Landes forest in our region of Nouvelle Aquitaine is the biggest artificial forest in Europe. The most common tree in this forest is the maritime pine which is an important tree accounting for 25 percent of the wood production in France. This wood production or other wood work brings many co-products like bark or sawdust; these co-products are well recycled but a part of this waste still remains. This wood waste represents a huge amount of biomass that could be used to produce many things.

We decided to focus on the transformation of this biomass into some building block, the 2,5-Furandicarboxylic acid (FDCA). A building block is a chemical that possesses some functional group allowing this molecule to be converted into a wide range of useful substances.

FDCA is an interesting building block because of its numerous uses; it can be used to produce biopolymers, that one may develop bioplastics for example,[1] but it also has great advantages in medicine as an anesthetic or even in the treatment of kidney stones [2]. FDCA have been ranked as the second most interesting bio based molecule by the Department Of Energy of the US just behind four carbon diacids [3].

Our main goal is to find a new way to produce this particular building block (FDCA) in order to reduce the use of oil which is currently the main source of building block. It could significantly prevent the pollution derived from the improper oil use.

The first part of our project is already performed in the industry in an environmentally sustainable way. The process corresponding to this first part is chemically made. Our main raw material is cellulose (coming from maritime pine) that we will use for our experiments. First of all, this cellulose will be broken down into glucose by acid hydrolysis, then this glucose will be isomerized into fructose and finally this fructose will be dehydrated into Hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF)[4].

The second part of our project, which is the conversion from HMF to FDCA is also done in the industry but is quite polluting, which is why we will use molecular biology to avoid this issue.

This process is based on the insertion of three different genes into E.coli to allow it to catalyze the transformation of HMF into FDCA. HMF is a toxic molecule and studies show that some strains are resistant to it and are able to transform HMF into FDCA. We choose three genes that are HmfH from C. basilensis [6], HmfO from P. putida [7] and Aldh1 from R. ornithinolytica [8]. This transformation is done in E. coli because it is a well-known bacterium and it also has a fast growth rate, allowing overnight cultures and genetic experimental results in mere hours.

These genes will perform the transformation of HMF into FDCA in two separated pathways : one for Aldh1 and one for HmfH that can be supported by HmfO which is an aspecific enzyme.

We will try many constructions with those genes to understand which one will demonstrate the best yield for the FDCA production. We will also try to improve these constructions, the proteins or even the strains in order to obtain a better yield, closer to the one obtained by chemical processes, but in a much more sustainable way.

References :

  1. Corbion : FDCA for PEF https://www.corbion.com/bioplastics/products/fdca-for-pef
  2. Lewkowski J et al., “Synthesis, chemistry and applications of 5-hydroxymethyl-furfural and its derivatives”. 2001, ARKIVOC 2001 ; pp. 17-54
  3. Werpy T., Petersen G., et al., “Top Value Added Chemicals from Biomass Volume I — Results of Screening for Potential Candidates from Sugars and Synthesis Gas Top Value Added Chemicals From Biomass Volume I : Results of Screening for Potential Candidates” Other Inf. PBD 1 Aug 2004 Medium: ED; Size: 76 pp. pages (2004). DOI : 10.2172/15008859
  4. DESPAX-MACHEFEL S., et al., “Développement de méthodologies de synthèse d’hydroxymethylfurfural a partir de biomasse lignocellulosique” , 2013
  5. Liu J1, Tang Y., Wu K., Bi C., Cui Q., et al., “Conversion of fructose into 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF) and its derivatives promoted by inorganic salt in alcohol”, Carbohydr Res, 2012, 10.1016/j.carres.2011.12.006
  6. Koopman F., Wierckx N., de Winde JH., Ruijssenaars HJ., et al., “Identification and characterization of the furfural and 5-(hydroxymethyl)furfural degradation pathways of Cupriavidus basilensis HMF14”
  7. “Conversion and assimilation of furfural and 5-(hydroxymethyl)furfural by Pseudomonas putida KT2440”, T. Michael et al, Juin 2017, Metabolic Engineering Communications https://doi.org/10.1016/j.meteno.2017.02.001
  8. Yuana H., et al.,, “Improved production of 2,5-furandicarboxylic acid by overexpression of 5-hydroxymethylfurfural oxidase and 5-hydroxymethylfurfural/furfural oxidoreductase in Raoultella ornithinolytica BF60” , Bioresource Technologies, janvier 2018 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biortech.2017.08.166