Firstly, we discuss extensively about the public’s opinion on the need for public engagement in navigating ethics. An extension exploring the sociology of scientific knowledge and ignorance is also included. Next, we explore the system of ethics adopted by governments to develop guidelines or legislation - principlism. Anchored by the concepts of autonomy, beneficence, non-maleficence and justice, this system is widely prescripted by moral decision-makers. Also, we dissect the ethics of genetic engineering using a principle-based ethics vs consequence-based ethics. This will serve to explore guiding principles in bioethics. Lastly, we share the literature review we did about Singapore’s bioethics guidelines, to provide a framework to wrap up the theoretical ethical approaches for genetic engineering.