Difference between revisions of "Team:DTU-Denmark"

 
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<h1 style="font-size: 9vw;padding-bottom:20px;" id="frontheadline1">Fungal building materials for extreme environments</h1>
 
<h1 style="font-size: 9vw;padding-bottom:20px;" id="frontheadline1">Fungal building materials for extreme environments</h1>
 
<h5 style="color:#fff;text-align: center;">Colonization of uninhabitable areas, like Mars, will require building materials to be transported to the site of deployment. Transport limitations such as space and weight make this process very expensive. Based on these challenges, we propose to make building materials from fungal mycelium to be grown on site. Our project is focused on how to optimize the material properties of the fungi through engineering of basic fungal characteristics. Our initial studies identified <i>Aspergillus oryzae</i> as the best candidate chassis for material properties and ease of genetic engineering. Based on our choice of fungus, we decided to increase the gene expression of melanin to improve <i>A. oryzae’s</i> capabilities of withstanding UV radiation and change the colors of the fungi by inserting a blue chromoprotein gene. Furthermore, we have designed a final geometric structure that can withstand external conditions and reduce the amount of work needed to assemble it.
 
<h5 style="color:#fff;text-align: center;">Colonization of uninhabitable areas, like Mars, will require building materials to be transported to the site of deployment. Transport limitations such as space and weight make this process very expensive. Based on these challenges, we propose to make building materials from fungal mycelium to be grown on site. Our project is focused on how to optimize the material properties of the fungi through engineering of basic fungal characteristics. Our initial studies identified <i>Aspergillus oryzae</i> as the best candidate chassis for material properties and ease of genetic engineering. Based on our choice of fungus, we decided to increase the gene expression of melanin to improve <i>A. oryzae’s</i> capabilities of withstanding UV radiation and change the colors of the fungi by inserting a blue chromoprotein gene. Furthermore, we have designed a final geometric structure that can withstand external conditions and reduce the amount of work needed to assemble it.
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<h5 class="media heading">We wouldd begin by having the fully prepared fungus species ready for launch.</h5>
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<h5 class="media heading">We would begin by genetically optimizing a fungal species for the purpose of making construction materials.</h5>
 
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<h5  class="media heading"><a href="https://2018.igem.org/Team:DTU-Denmark/Results">Data confirming that the proper genes are in the GMO fungus will be collected.</a></h5>
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<h5  class="media heading">Vigorous testing and verification on the fungus would be performed on earth to ensure proper gene function and behavior before launch.</h5>
 
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<h5 class="media heading"><a href="https://2018.igem.org/Team:DTU-Denmark/StructuralIntegrity">A clear model of the structure would be confirmed and tested for the necessary exposure.</a></h5>
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<h5 class="media heading">Various simulations and models will play a crucial part in designing sustainable structures that can protect humans against the hostile Martian environment.</h5>
 
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<h5 class="media heading">Growth in a confined place will let the fungus achieve the desired shape.
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<h5 class="media heading">Growth in a confined space will let the fungus conform into the desired shape.
 
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<h5 class="media heading"><a href="https://2018.igem.org/Team:DTU-Denmark/StructuralIntegrity">Our design will be created as a dome from three different triangular shapes.</a>
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<h5 class="media heading">The produced materials are assembled to create larger habitat structures. Domes will likely be used as these are best at distributing the forces of internal pressure.  
 
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<h5  class="media heading">The actual structure will be from the dome itself, but it will not be able to counteract the inner pressure from our man made atmosphere.
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<h5  class="media heading">Given the high pressure difference between human habitats and the Martian atmosphere, the final structures will have to be sealed as to make the structure completely airtight.
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<h5 class="media heading">For this, a layer of sand, mixed with a modified version of biocement, will be placed on top of the dome.
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<h5 class="media heading">At this point, otherwise optimized fungal species can be used to synthesize a range of useful biochemicals and materials.
 
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<h5  class="media heading">To create the atmosphere, cyanobacteria will be kept cultivated inside the dome.</h5>
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<h5  class="media heading">The cyanobacteria used in the production of fungal materials can also be used to supply oxygen to the habitat.</h5>
 
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<h2 class="front_phase_headline">PHASE FIVE - Will we land on Mars?</h2>
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<h2 class="front_phase_headline">Why do we want to land on Mars?</h2>
 
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<h5 class="media heading"><a href="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2018/b/b9/T--DTU-Denmark--colonizing-mars.pdf" target="_blank">The first space race that led to the moon landing was hugely influenced by political currents, but the will to expand is a notion that dates back to the period after the era of imperialism.</a>
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<h5 class="media heading">The first space race that led to the moon landing was hugely influenced by political currents, but the will to expand is a notion that dates back to the period after the era of imperialism.  
 
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<h5  class="media heading"><a href="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2018/b/b9/T--DTU-Denmark--colonizing-mars.pdf" target="_blank">Many parallels from the moon landing can be drawn to the current race of getting the human race to Mars, where it can be concluded that getting there is inevitable.</a>
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<h5  class="media heading">Many parallels from the moon landing can be drawn to the current race of getting the human race to Mars, where it can be concluded that getting there is inevitable.
 
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<h1 id="frontheadline2">Challenges</h1>
 
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<h5  style="color:#fff;text-align: center;">Growth of the fungus in the Martian environment can prove to be a problem.  
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<h5  style="color:#fff;text-align: center;"> Researching and optimizing a fungal species for the purpose of mycotecture.  
 
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The fungal spores may be troublesome: They might smell and <i>A. oryzae</i> is a known allergen (1).  
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Designing easily deployable production facilities that can protect the cultivation systems from the Martian environment.
 
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We have not researched whether the structural properties depend on being on earth, eg. lower pressure compromising strength.
 
We have not researched whether the structural properties depend on being on earth, eg. lower pressure compromising strength.
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Automatized robotic assembly of the dome needs to be designed beforehand.
 
 
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<p style="color:#000; font-size:14px;">(1) Mousavi B, Hedayati MT, Hedayati N, Ilkit M, Syedmousavi S. 2016. <i>Aspergillus</i> species in indoor environments and their possible occupational and public health hazards. Curr Med Mycol 2:36–42.</p>
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The team received a bronze medal for their project
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<a href="https://2018.igem.org/Team:DTU-Denmark/Description">Project description</a>
 
<a href="https://2018.igem.org/Team:DTU-Denmark/Description">Project description</a>
 
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                       <a href="https://2018.igem.org/Team:DTU-Denmark/Model">Modelling</a>
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                       <a href="https://2018.igem.org/Team:DTU-Denmark/Model">Modeling</a>
 
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<a href="https://2018.igem.org/Team:DTU-Denmark/Parts">Parts overview</a>
 
<a href="https://2018.igem.org/Team:DTU-Denmark/Parts">Parts overview</a>

Latest revision as of 23:15, 6 December 2018

Fungal building materials for extreme environments

Colonization of uninhabitable areas, like Mars, will require building materials to be transported to the site of deployment. Transport limitations such as space and weight make this process very expensive. Based on these challenges, we propose to make building materials from fungal mycelium to be grown on site. Our project is focused on how to optimize the material properties of the fungi through engineering of basic fungal characteristics. Our initial studies identified Aspergillus oryzae as the best candidate chassis for material properties and ease of genetic engineering. Based on our choice of fungus, we decided to increase the gene expression of melanin to improve A. oryzae’s capabilities of withstanding UV radiation and change the colors of the fungi by inserting a blue chromoprotein gene. Furthermore, we have designed a final geometric structure that can withstand external conditions and reduce the amount of work needed to assemble it.

The Plan

PHASE ONE - Preparations on Earth

We would begin by genetically optimizing a fungal species for the purpose of making construction materials.
Vigorous testing and verification on the fungus would be performed on earth to ensure proper gene function and behavior before launch.
Various simulations and models will play a crucial part in designing sustainable structures that can protect humans against the hostile Martian environment.

PHASE TWO - Inventory

The space shuttle would need to have the essentials for our fungus to be grown.
Vials of spores from our GMO fungus would be prepared and a necessary means of biomass, most likely cyanobacteria, will be included.
Specific molds will let the fungus grow in a desired shape. Creating the pieces for the dome.
General laboratory tools will have to be included to perform the needed work.

PHASE THREE - Producing the Sheets

Plate production will be established inside a provisional inflatable tent.
Biomass and spores will be combined in easy-to-manage molds.
Growth in a confined space will let the fungus conform into the desired shape.
When the mold is appropriately filled, the fungus will be extracted and killed as preparation for the building process.

PHASE FOUR - Assembly

The produced materials are assembled to create larger habitat structures. Domes will likely be used as these are best at distributing the forces of internal pressure.
Given the high pressure difference between human habitats and the Martian atmosphere, the final structures will have to be sealed as to make the structure completely airtight.
At this point, otherwise optimized fungal species can be used to synthesize a range of useful biochemicals and materials.
The cyanobacteria used in the production of fungal materials can also be used to supply oxygen to the habitat.

Why do we want to land on Mars?

The first space race that led to the moon landing was hugely influenced by political currents, but the will to expand is a notion that dates back to the period after the era of imperialism.
Many parallels from the moon landing can be drawn to the current race of getting the human race to Mars, where it can be concluded that getting there is inevitable.

Challenges

Researching and optimizing a fungal species for the purpose of mycotecture.

Designing easily deployable production facilities that can protect the cultivation systems from the Martian environment.

We have not researched whether the structural properties depend on being on earth, eg. lower pressure compromising strength.



The team received a bronze medal for their project