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| | <section class="engine"><a href="https://mobiri.se/k">develop your own website</a><br></section><section class="header9 cid-r5el55DVH6 mbr-fullscreen mbr-parallax-background" id="header9-g"> | | <section class="engine"><a href="https://mobiri.se/k">develop your own website</a><br></section><section class="header9 cid-r5el55DVH6 mbr-fullscreen mbr-parallax-background" id="header9-g"> |
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| − | <h1 class="mbr-section-title align-left mbr-bold pb-3 mbr-fonts-style display-1">Experiment</h1> | + | <h1 class="mbr-section-title align-left mbr-bold pb-3 mbr-fonts-style display-1">Demonstrate</h1> |
| − | <h3 class="mbr-section-subtitle align-left mbr-light pb-3 mbr-fonts-style display-2">Establishment of dengue virus serotype detection system</h3> | + | <h3 class="mbr-section-subtitle align-left mbr-light pb-3 mbr-fonts-style display-2">Technical validation that the project can work the real world</h3> |
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| − | <h1 class="mbr-section-title align-center pb-3 mbr-fonts-style display-2">Abstract</h1>
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| − | <span class="mbr-text align-center mbr-fonts-style" style="font-size: 1.2rem">To identify which serotype of dengue virus your target patient is infected with, many methods have been explored and established. Since our prediction model requires the certain number of consensus time-scale data, it has been urgent to develop a high-throughput and cost-efficient tool for the serotype identification.<br><br>With the assistance of Dr. Suzuki at National Institute of Infectious Diseases, our team designed a new detection system with fluorescence protein. Three types of constructs (Genetic feactures: 1. C, 2. prM-E and 3. Fluorescence protein-FMDV2a-NS) should be prepared first. After that, they are introduced into HEK293T cells and pseudo-viruses are produced after a certain interval. They are added to cultured Vero cells to check the infectivity by measuring the intensity of fluorescence emitted from fluorescence protein that works as mono-cistron.<br><br>Since each one of the constructs contains either structural or non-structural region, the pseudo-virus just causes single-round infection. In terms of biosafety, our system and products that apply this system can be demonstrated even in the real world.<br><br></span>
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| − | <span class="mbr-text align-center mbr-fonts-style" style="font-size: 1.2rem">Figure 0: How Our Type Detection System Works</span>
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| − | <h1 class="mbr-section-title align-center pb-3 mbr-fonts-style display-2">Background</h1>
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| − | <span class="mbr-text align-center mbr-fonts-style" style="font-size: 1.2rem">RT-PCR, ELISA and neutrilization assay - these methods have been widely used to identify infection experience and its serotype. However, RT-PCR is valid only for 0 to 5 days after infection and ELISA and neutralization assay have problem with cost-efficiency.<br></span>
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| − | <span class="mbr-text align-center mbr-fonts-style" style="font-size: 1.2rem">Figure 1: Change in viral load and antibodies (Source: <a href="https://www.nature.com/scitable/topicpage/host-response-to-the-dengue-virus-22402106">Guzman, M. G. et al., 2010</a>)</span>
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| − | <span class="mbr-text align-center mbr-fonts-style" style="font-size: 1.2rem">Figure 2: Comparison of dengue detection system with existing ones<br></span>
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| − | <h1 class="mbr-section-title align-center pb-3 mbr-fonts-style display-2">Experiment Overview</h1>
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| − | <span class="mbr-text align-center mbr-fonts-style" style="font-size: 1.2rem">Our experiment consists of three parts: 1. Construction, 2. Pseudo-virus Production and 3. Pseudo-virus Infection. After three types of constructs are introduced into HEK293T cells, pseudo-viruses are produced. They are added to cultured Vero cells, and you can check the infection after a certain interval.<br></span>
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| − | <span class="mbr-text align-center mbr-fonts-style" style="font-size: 1.2rem">Figure 3: Experiment Overview (iGEM Tokyo Tech 2018)<br></span>
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| − | <h1 class="mbr-section-title align-center pb-3 mbr-fonts-style display-5">1. Construction</h1>
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| − | <span class="mbr-text align-center mbr-fonts-style" style="font-size: 1.2rem">For the pseudo-virus production, we prepared structural gene, and non-structural gene with fluorescence protein gene.<br><br>About structural gene, capsid (C), membrane (prM) and envelope (E) are necessary for the formation of viral structure. We prepared pCAG-C and pCAG-prM-E for Serotype I to IV.<br><br>About non-structural gene with fluorescence protein gene, we prepared EGFP-FMDV2a, DsRed-Express-FMDV2a, ZsYellow-FMDV2a and AmCyan-FMDV2a, and inserted each of them to non-structural genes of dengue virus.</span>
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| − | <span class="mbr-text align-center mbr-fonts-style" style="font-size: 1.2rem">Figure 4: Construct line-up and original genes derived from dengue virus<br></span>
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| − | <span class="mbr-text align-center mbr-fonts-style" style="font-size: 1.2rem">We introduced pCAG-C, pCAG-prM-E and FP-FMDV2a (FP: Fluorescence Protein) into HEK293T cells. After cell culture for about 2 days, we collect the supernatant that contains pseudo-viruses produced from HEK293T cells.</span>
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| − | <span class="mbr-text align-center mbr-fonts-style" style="font-size: 1.2rem">Figure 5: Basic flow of transfection and pseudo-virus production<br></span>
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| − | <h1 class="mbr-section-title align-center pb-3 mbr-fonts-style display-5">3. Pseudo-virus Infection and Functional Evaluation of Pseudo-virus</h1>
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| − | <span class="mbr-text align-center mbr-fonts-style" style="font-size: 1.2rem">After collecting pseudo-viruses from HEK293T cells, we added them to Vero cells. When they can successfully infect the cells, the enclosed fluorescence protein gene is coded and we tried to estimate the amount by measuring the fluorescence intensity.</span>
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| − | <h1 class="mbr-section-title align-center pb-3 mbr-fonts-style display-5">Note: Validated Parts (Silver Medal Criteria)</h1>
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| − | <span class="mbr-text align-center mbr-fonts-style" style="font-size: 1.2rem">DENV2 C, EGFP-FMDV2a and DsRed-Express-FMDV2a are essential for pseudo-virus production. As one of the structural genes, DENV2 C plays an important role in virus structural formation. EGFP-FMDV2a and DsRed-Express-FMDV2a are enclosed in pseudo-virus and programmed to code functional fluorescence proteins after infecting the host cells.</span>
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| − | <span class="mbr-text align-center mbr-fonts-style" style="font-size: 1.2rem">To get specific sequence and charanterization information, please see the following Parts Pages.</span>
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| − | <h2 class="mbr-section-title align-center pb-3 mbr-fonts-style display-2">Report on Oct. 17th, 2018</h2>
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| − | <li style="font-size: 1.2rem">Our team successfully validated that all the necessary constructs are produced by using electrophoresis (please refer to our Parts Pages).</li>
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| − | <li class="mbr-text align-center mbr-fonts-style" style="font-size: 1.2rem">After completing the construction, our team shifted to the transfection into HEK293T cells for pseudo-virus production. Using lipofection, the constructs have been already introduced into the cells and the pseudo-viruses will be collected in a few days.</li>
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| − | <li class="mbr-text align-center mbr-fonts-style" style="font-size: 1.2rem">After collecting the pseudo-viruses, they will be added to cultured Vero cells. Our team will test the infectivity by measuring the fluorescence intensity at the end.</li>
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| − | <span class="mbr-text align-center mbr-fonts-style" style="font-size: 1.2rem">We try to validate that the pseudo-viruses are produced, and they can infect the host cells. Making the most of our system and lab experience, our team will make a kit to identify which type your target patient was infected with before.</span>
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| − | <span class="mbr-text align-center mbr-fonts-style" style="font-size: 1.2rem">As you can see in Fig. 8, if the patient was infected with type II virus before, type II-specific antibodies in blood serum decrease the infectivity of type II pseudo-virus. As a result, fluorescence protein programmed in the pseudo-virus would not be coded so much due to the decrease in the number of infectious viruses.</span>
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| − | <span class="mbr-text align-center mbr-fonts-style" style="font-size: 1.2rem">Since our detection system enables us to collect more samling data in many areas quickly and with low cost, our prediction model can be more precise thanks to the increase in the consensus time-scale data of dengue-affected patients and serotype ratio.</span>
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