Team:Bielefeld-CeBiTec/Model

/* HQ CSS*/ .firstHeading { display: none; }

.mw-content-text { display: none; }

.logo_2018 { display: none; }

  1. globalWrapper {

padding: 0px; margin: 0px; padding-bottom: 0px; }

  1. content {

margin-left:0px; padding:0px; width:100%; margin-top: -7px; }


.mw-content-ltr ul, .mw-content-rtl .mw-content-ltr ul{ margin:0px; }

  1. top_title {

margin-bottom: 0px; }

  1. top_menu_14{

border-bottom: 0px solid black; }

  1. HQ_page p {

margin: 0; }

/*NAVBAR*/

@charset "UTF-8";

body{ margin-top:0px; }

.navigation { height: 70px; background: #002a5c; position: fixed; width:100%; text-decoration: none; }

.brand { position: absolute; padding-left: 20px; float: left; line-height: 70px; text-transform: uppercase; font-size: 1.4em; width: 300px; }

.logo-img{ width: 70%; margin-top: 1%; }

@media only screen and (max-width: 1350px) { .logo-img{ width: 70%; margin-top: 2%; }

.navigation{ position: absolute; }

}

@media only screen and (max-width: 790px) { .logo-img{ width: 70%; margin-top: 3%; }

.navigation{ position: absolute; }

}


.brand a, .brand a:visited { color: #ffffff; text-decoration: none; }

.nav-container { max-width: auto; margin: 0 auto; text-decoration: none; }

nav { float: right; text-decoration: none; } nav ul { list-style: none; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: none; } nav ul li { float: left; position: relative; text-decoration: none; } nav ul li a, nav ul li a:visited, nav ul li a:focus{ display: block; padding: 0 20px; line-height: 70px; background: #002a5c; color: #ffffff; text-decoration: none; margin-bottom:-4px; border-color:#002a5c; } nav ul li a:hover, nav ul li a:visited:hover { background: #4d9dff; color: #ffffff; text-decoration: none; } nav ul li a:not(:only-child):after, nav ul li a:visited:not(:only-child):after { padding-left: 4px; content: " ▾"; text-decoration: none; } nav ul li ul li { min-width: 190px; text-decoration: none; } nav ul li ul li a { padding: 15px; line-height: 20px; text-decoration: none; text-decoration: none; }

.nav-dropdown { position: absolute; display: none; z-index: 1; box-shadow: 0 3px 12px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.15); text-decoration: none; }

/* Mobile navigation */ .nav-mobile { display: none; position: absolute; top: 0; right: 0; background: #002a5c; height: 70px; width: 70px; }

@media only screen and (max-width: 1350px) {


.nav-mobile { display: block; }

nav { width: 100%; padding: 70px 0 15px; } nav ul { display: none; max-height: 280px; overflow-y: auto; } nav ul li { float: none; } nav ul li a { padding: 15px; line-height: 20px; text-decoration: none; } nav ul li ul li a { padding-left: 30px; text-decoration: none; }

.nav-dropdown { position: static; } } @media screen and (min-width: 1351px) { .nav-list { display: block !important; } }

  1. nav-toggle {

position: absolute; left: 18px; top: 22px; cursor: pointer; padding: 10px 35px 16px 0px; max-height: 280px; overflow-y: auto; }

  1. nav-toggle span,
  2. nav-toggle span:before,
  3. nav-toggle span:after {

cursor: pointer; border-radius: 1px; height: 5px; width: 35px; background: #ffffff; position: absolute; display: block; content: ""; transition: all 300ms ease-in-out; }

  1. nav-toggle span:before {

top: -10px; }

  1. nav-toggle span:after {

bottom: -10px; }

  1. nav-toggle.active span {

background-color: transparent; }

  1. nav-toggle.active span:before, #nav-toggle.active span:after {

top: 0; }

  1. nav-toggle.active span:before {

transform: rotate(45deg); }

  1. nav-toggle.active span:after {

transform: rotate(-45deg); }

article { max-width: 1000px; margin: 0 auto; padding: 10px; line-height: 1.5; }

.article { max-width: 1000px; margin: 0 auto; padding: 10px; line-height: 1.5; padding-right: 5%; padding-left : 5%;

}

/* W3 Schools templates*/

.w3-top,.w3-bottom{position:fixed;width:100%;z-index:1;} .w3-top{top:0;} .w3-bottom{bottom:0;}

  1. footer{display:block;width:98%}

.w3-container:after,.w3-container:before{content:"";display:table;clear:both;width:98%;}

.w3-container{}

.w3-padding-32{padding-top:32px!important;padding-bottom:32px!important;}

.w3-center .w3-bar{display:inline-block;width:auto;}

.w3-center{text-align:center!important;}

.w3-black,.w3-hover-black:hover{color:#fff!important;background-color:#000!important;}

.w3-xlarge{font-size:24px!important;}


/*OWN STYLES*/

body { font-family: "Lato", sans-serif; }

@media only screen and (min-width: 1010px){ .main_content {

background-color: white; border: 1px solid #000000; border-radius: 0px; box-shadow: 1px 1px 3px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.35); min-height: 100px; border-top: none; border-bottom: none; margin-left:25%; margin-right:25%; padding-bottom: 4%; min-height: 420px; position: sticky; margin-top: -100px; } }

@media only screen and (max-width: 1009px){ .main_content {

background-color: white; border: 1px solid #000000; border-radius: 0px; box-shadow: 1px 1px 3px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.35); min-height: 100px; border-top: none; border-bottom: none; margin-left:0; margin-right:0; padding-bottom: 4%; position: sticky; margin-top: -100px; } }


  1. container{

position: relative; min-height: 100%; height: 100%; }

.container{ padding-top:0px; background-color: #001633; }

.section{ margin: 1%; }

.half{ max-width: 48%; }

.half.left { float: left; margin-right: 1%; }

.half.right { float: right; margin-left: 1%;

}

article, .article { text-align: justify; display: block; margin: auto; font-size: 16px; padding-bottom: 20px; }

article, .article, .contentline { width: 90%; font-size: 16px; padding-bottom: 30px; }

.contentline article, .contentline .article { width: 100%; }

h1, h2, h3, h4, h5, h6 { width: 92%; margin: auto; margin-top: 0px; padding-top: 20px; padding-bottom: 15px; }

.p { text-align: justify; }

.title { font-size: 40px; padding-top: 5%; padding-left: 3%; padding-bottom: 40px; font-weight: bold; background-color: rgb(255,255,255); margin-top: -70px; position:sticky; line-height:1.5em; text-align:left; }

h2 { padding-left: 3%; font-size:14; }

br { display: block; /* makes it have a width */ content: ""; /* clears default height */ margin-top: 20px; /* change this to whatever height you want it */ }

p { font-size:14px; }

body { padding-top: 0px; }



article{ padding-right: 5%; padding-left : 5%; }

  1. page-arrow-top {

display: none; cursor: pointer; padding: 0; margin: 0; position: fixed; bottom: 20px; right: 50px; }

.half { width: 48%; }

.half.left { float: left; margin-right: 1%; }

.half.right { float: right; margin-left: 1%; }

.sidenavi{

margin-top: 50px; margin-left: 4%; display: block; position: -webkit-sticky; position: sticky; top: 150px; float: left; background-color: #001633; border-radius: 30px; border-color: white; border-style: solid; }


.side_list{ display: block; margin-right: 10px; margin-bottom: 15px; margin-top: 10px; margin-left: 10px; color: white; }

.side_link{ color: white; font-size: 20px; text-decoration:none; padding: 10px; }

.side_list > a:hover{ text-decoration:none; color: white; }

.side_list > a{ text-decoration:none; font-size: 18px; padding: 10px; width:100%; cursor: pointer; color: white; }


@media only screen and (max-width: 1150px){ .sidenavi{

margin-top: 50px; margin-left: 1%; display: block; position: -webkit-sticky; position: sticky; top: 150px; float: left; background-color: #001633; border-radius: 30px; border-color: white; border-style: solid; }

.side_list{ display: block; margin-right: 10px; margin-bottom: 15px; margin-top: 10px; margin-left: 10px; color: white; }

.side_link{ color: white; font-size: 10px; text-decoration:none; padding: 10px; }

.side_list > a:hover{ text-decoration:none; color: white; }

.side_list > a{ text-decoration:none; font-size: 16px; padding: 12px; width:100%; cursor: pointer; color: white; }

}


@media only screen and (max-width: 1685px){ .sidenavi{

margin-top: 50px; margin-left: 1%; display: block; position: -webkit-sticky; position: sticky; top: 150px; float: left; background-color: #001633; border-radius: 30px; border-color: white; border-style: solid; }

.side_list{ display: block; margin-right: 10px; margin-bottom: 15px; margin-top: 10px; margin-left: 10px; color: white; }

.side_link{ color: white; font-size: 10px; text-decoration:none; padding: 10px; }

.side_list > a:hover{ text-decoration:none; color: white; }

.side_list > a{ text-decoration:none; font-size: 16px; padding: 8px; width:100%; cursor: pointer; color: white; }

}


@media only screen and (max-width: 1300px){ .sidenavi{ display: none;

} }


figure { text-align: center; margin-bottom: 30px;

}

figcaption{ text-align: justify; font-size: 13px; margin-top:10px; }

.figure.eighty { width:80%; }

.figure.ten { width:10%; }

.figure.twenty { width:20%; }

.figure.thirty { width:30%; }

.figure.fourty { width:40%; }

.figure.fifty { width:50%; }

.figure.sixty { width:60%; }

.figure.seventy { width:70%; }

.figure.ninety { width:90%; }

.figure.hundred { width:100%; }


table, th, td { border: 1px solid black; border-collapse: collapse; font-size:17px; } th, td { padding: 15px; text-align: left; } table#t01 tr:first-child td{ background-color: #eee; }

table#t01 tr td:first-child { background-color: #eee; color: black; }


table.centern{ margin-left:15%; margin-right:15%; margin-top: 100px; margin-top: 5%; }

  1. HQ_page table {

border: 1px solid #ccc; border-collapse: collapse; width: 70%; margin: auto; margin-bottom: 0px; margin-top: 100px; margin-right: auto; margin-left: auto; }

hr { margin-top: 10%; margin-bottom: 20px; border: 0; text-align: center; border-top: 2px solid #000000; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;

}

.reftext { display: block; text-align: justify; margin-left: 5%; margin-right: 5%; font-size: 14px; padding-bottom: 20px; line-height: 20px; }

/*Footer*/ .fa-facebook-official:before { content: "\f230"; color: white; }


.fa-instagram:before { content: "\f230"; color: white; }

.fa-twitter:before { content: "\f230"; color: white; }

  1. myDIV {

margin-top: 10px; display:none; }

.refbtn{ background-color: white; border: none; font-size: 150%; font-weight: bold; color: black; margin-left: 5%; margin-bottom: 26px; margin-top: 30px;

}

a.shifted-anchor { display: block; position:relative; top: -100px; }

active{

text-decoration: none; }

html,body { background-color: #001633; }


  1. myVideo {

position: static; top:0; left:0 right: 0; bottom: 0; height: auto; margin-top: 70px; z-index:1; }


.title_picture{ width:100%; padding-top:40px; }


@-webkit-keyframes animateBubble { 0% { margin-top: 310%; } 100% { margin-top: 5%; } }

@-moz-keyframes animateBubble { 0% { margin-top: 310%; } 100% { margin-top: 5%; } }

@keyframes animateBubble { 0% { margin-top: 310%; } 100% { margin-top: 5%; } }


@-webkit-keyframes animateBubbleSeite { 0% { margin-top: 40px; } 100% { margin-top: -200%; } }

@-moz-keyframes animateBubbleSeite { 0% { margin-top: 40px; } 100% { margin-top: -200%; } }

@keyframes animateBubbleSeite { 0% { margin-top: 40px; } 100% { margin-top: -200%; } }


@-webkit-keyframes sideWays { 0% { margin-left:0px; } 100% { margin-left:50px; } }

@-moz-keyframes sideWays { 0% { margin-left:0px; } 100% { margin-left:50px; } }

@keyframes sideWays { 0% { margin-left:0px; } 100% { margin-left:50px; } }


.s1 { -webkit-animation: animateBubbleSeite 120s linear infinite, sideWays 2s ease-in-out infinite alternate; -moz-animation: animateBubbleSeite 120s linear infinite, sideWays 2s ease-in-out infinite alternate; animation: animateBubbleSeite 120s linear infinite, sideWays 2s ease-in-out infinite alternate;

left: 5%; top: 95%; z-index:1; overflow: hidden;

-webkit-transform: scale(0.1); -moz-transform: scale(0.1); transform: scale(0.1); }


.x1 { -webkit-animation: animateBubble 100s linear infinite, sideWays 2s ease-in-out infinite alternate; -moz-animation: animateBubble 100s linear infinite, sideWays 2s ease-in-out infinite alternate; animation: animateBubble 100s linear infinite, sideWays 2s ease-in-out infinite alternate;

left: -5%; top: 20%; z-index:1; overflow: hidden;

-webkit-transform: scale(0.1); -moz-transform: scale(0.1); transform: scale(0.1); }

.x2 { -webkit-animation: animateBubble 80s linear infinite, sideWays 4s ease-in-out infinite alternate; -moz-animation: animateBubble 80s linear infinite, sideWays 4s ease-in-out infinite alternate; animation: animateBubble 80s linear infinite, sideWays 4s ease-in-out infinite alternate;

left: 5%; top: 20%; z-index:1; overflow: hidden; -webkit-transform: scale(0.2); -moz-transform: scale(0.2); transform: scale(0.2); }

.x3 { -webkit-animation: animateBubble 120s linear infinite, sideWays 2s ease-in-out infinite alternate; -moz-animation: animateBubble 120s linear infinite, sideWays 2s ease-in-out infinite alternate; animation: animateBubble 120s linear infinite, sideWays 2s ease-in-out infinite alternate;

left: 10%; top: 20%; overflow: hidden; z-index:1; -webkit-transform: scale(0.2); -moz-transform: scale(0.2); transform: scale(0.2); }

.x4 { -webkit-animation: animateBubble 90s linear infinite, sideWays 3s ease-in-out infinite alternate; -moz-animation: animateBubble 90s linear infinite, sideWays 3s ease-in-out infinite alternate; animation: animateBubble 90s linear infinite, sideWays 3s ease-in-out infinite alternate;

left: 20%; top: 20%; overflow: hidden; z-index:1; -webkit-transform: scale(0.2); -moz-transform: scale(0.2); transform: scale(0.2); }

.x5 { -webkit-animation: animateBubble 70s linear infinite, sideWays 4s ease-in-out infinite alternate; -moz-animation: animateBubble 70s linear infinite, sideWays 4s ease-in-out infinite alternate; animation: animateBubble 70s linear infinite, sideWays 4s ease-in-out infinite alternate;

left: 30%; top: 20%; overflow: hidden; z-index:1; -webkit-transform: scale(0.1); -moz-transform: scale(0.1); transform: scale(0.1); }

.x6 { -webkit-animation: animateBubble 115s linear infinite, sideWays 2s ease-in-out infinite alternate; -moz-animation: animateBubble 115s linear infinite, sideWays 2s ease-in-out infinite alternate; animation: animateBubble 115s linear infinite, sideWays 2s ease-in-out infinite alternate;

left: 50%; top: 20%; overflow: hidden; z-index:1; -webkit-transform: scale(0.1); -moz-transform: scale(0.1); transform: scale(0.1); }

.x7 { -webkit-animation: animateBubble 120s linear infinite, sideWays 2s ease-in-out infinite alternate; -moz-animation: animateBubble 120s linear infinite, sideWays 2s ease-in-out infinite alternate; animation: animateBubble 120s linear infinite, sideWays 2s ease-in-out infinite alternate;

left: 65%; top: 20%; overflow: hidden; z-index:1; -webkit-transform: scale(0.1); -moz-transform: scale(0.1); transform: scale(0.1); }

.x8 { -webkit-animation: animateBubble 100s linear infinite, sideWays 3s ease-in-out infinite alternate; -moz-animation: animateBubble 100s linear infinite, sideWays 3s ease-in-out infinite alternate; animation: animateBubble 100s linear infinite, sideWays 3s ease-in-out infinite alternate;

left: 80%; top: 20%; overflow: hidden; z-index:1; -webkit-transform: scale(0.2); -moz-transform: scale(0.2); transform: scale(0.2); }

.x9 { -webkit-animation: animateBubble 80s linear infinite, sideWays 4s ease-in-out infinite alternate; -moz-animation: animateBubble 80s linear infinite, sideWays 4s ease-in-out infinite alternate; animation: animateBubble 80s linear infinite, sideWays 4s ease-in-out infinite alternate;

left: 90%; top: 20%; overflow: hidden; z-index:1; -webkit-transform: scale(0.1); -moz-transform: scale(0.1); transform: scale(0.1); }

.x10 { -webkit-animation: animateBubble 120s linear infinite, sideWays 2s ease-in-out infinite alternate; -moz-animation: animateBubble 120s linear infinite, sideWays 2s ease-in-out infinite alternate; animation: animateBubble 120s linear infinite, sideWays 2s ease-in-out infinite alternate;

left: 80%; top: 20%; overflow: hidden; z-index:1; -webkit-transform: scale(0.1); -moz-transform: scale(0.1); transform: scale(0.1); }


.bubble { -webkit-border-radius: 50%; -moz-border-radius: 50%; border-radius: 50%;

-webkit-box-shadow: 0 20px 30px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.2), inset 0px 10px 30px 5px rgba(255, 255, 255, 1); -moz-box-shadow: 0 20px 30px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.2), inset 0px 10px 30px 5px rgba(255, 255, 255, 1); box-shadow: 0 20px 30px rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.2), inset 0px 10px 30px 5px rgba(255, 255, 255, 1);

height: 200px; position: absolute; width: 200px; }

.bubble:after { background: -moz-radial-gradient(center, ellipse cover, rgba(255,255,255,0.5) 0%, rgba(255,255,255,0) 0%); /* FF3.6+ */ background: -webkit-gradient(radial, center center, 0px, center center, 100%, color-stop(0%,rgba(255,255,255,0.5)), color-stop(0%,rgba(255,255,255,0))); /* Chrome,Safari4+ */ background: -webkit-radial-gradient(center, ellipse cover, rgba(255,255,255,0.5) 0%,rgba(255,255,255,0) 0%); /* Chrome10+,Safari5.1+ */ background: -o-radial-gradient(center, ellipse cover, rgba(255,255,255,0.5) 0%,rgba(255,255,255,0) 0%); /* Opera 12+ */ background: -ms-radial-gradient(center, ellipse cover, rgba(255,255,255,0.5) 0%,rgba(255,255,255,0) 0%); /* IE10+ */ background: radial-gradient(ellipse at center, rgba(255,255,255,0.5) 0%,rgba(255,255,255,0) 0%); /* W3C */ filter: progid:DXImageTransform.Microsoft.gradient( startColorstr='#80ffffff', endColorstr='#00ffffff',GradientType=1 ); /* IE6-9 fallback on horizontal gradient */

-webkit-border-radius: 50%; -moz-border-radius: 50%; border-radius: 50%;

-webkit-box-shadow: inset 0 20px 30px rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.3); -moz-box-shadow: inset 0 20px 30px rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.3); box-shadow: inset 0 20px 30px rgba(255, 255, 255, 0.3);

content: ""; height: 180px; left: 10px; position: absolute; width: 180px; }

@media only screen and (max-width: 1700px) {

.bubble.x1, .bubble.x2, .bubble.x8, .bubble.x9, .bubble.x10{ display:none; }


}


@media only screen and (max-width: 1200px) {

.bubble.x1, .bubble.x2, .bubble.x7, .bubble.x8, .bubble.x9, .bubble.x10{ display:none; } }


.timer_box{ 

   border: white;
   border-style: solid;
   padding-bottom: 125px;
   padding-left: 10px;
   padding_top:10px;
   marging-bottom: 100px;

}

  1. gold {
 float: left;
 font-size: 50px;
 margin-top: 10px;
 width: 50%;
 color:white;

text-align: center;

}

  1. gold_text {
 float: left;
 font-size: 20px;
 margin-top: 0px;
 width: 50%;
 color:white;

text-align: center; }

  1. silver {
 float: left;
 text-align: center;
 font-size: 50px;
 margin-top: 10px;
 width: 50%;
 color:white;

}

  1. silver_text {
 float: left;
 text-align: center;
 font-size: 20px;
 margin-top: 0px;
 width: 50%;
 color:white;

}

.img_text{ text-align:center; position:absolute; }

  1. home_imgs {
   margin-top:100px;
   width:60%;

}


@media only screen and (max-width: 1300px) {

  1. home_imgs{

width:70%;

}

  1. silver{

font-size: 30px;

}

  1. gold{

font-size: 30px;

}

  1. silver_text{

font-size: 20px;

}


  1. gold_text{

font-size: 20px; }

}


@media only screen and (max-width: 900px) {

.timer_box{ 

   border: white;
   border-style: solid;
   padding-bottom: 100px;
   padding-left: 10px;
   padding_top:10px;
   marging-bottom: 100px;

}

  1. home_imgs{

margin-top:50px; width:90%; }

  1. silver{

font-size: 20px;

}

  1. gold{

font-size: 20px;

}

  1. silver_text{

font-size: 15px;

}


  1. gold_text{

font-size: 15px; }

}


@media only screen and (max-width: 600px) {

.timer_box{ 

   border: white;
   border-style: solid;
   padding-bottom: 100px;
   padding-left: 10px;
   padding_top:10px;
   marging-bottom: 100px;

}

  1. home_imgs{

margin-top:15px; width:100%; }

  1. silver{

font-size: 15px;

}

  1. gold{

font-size: 15px;

}

  1. silver_text{

font-size: 10px;

}


  1. gold_text{

font-size: 10px; }

}


@media only screen and (max-width: 400px) {

.timer_box{ 

   border: white;
   border-style: solid;
   padding-bottom: 50px;
   padding-left: 10px;
   padding_top:10px;
   marging-bottom: 100px;

}

  1. home_imgs{

margin-top:5px; width:100%; }

  1. silver{

font-size: 10px;

}

  1. gold{

font-size: 10px;

}

  1. silver_text{

font-size: 5px;

}


  1. gold_text{

font-size: 5px; }

}

Modelling
„Any modeling project should be tempered by the morality of laziness.“ (Barnes et. al., 2010) This phrase illustrates that lab results can be predicted before actually working in the lab, saving precious time. Our project revolves around new discovered or theoretical biological systems like for example RNAi in prokaryotes or newly discovered copper transport porins. For those we will program following models beside the standard calculations for growth rates and reaction kinetics.

siRNA promoter model

First the most fitting siRNAs for our project has to be calculated. A program will be written which returns a selection of compatible siRNAs for a gene you want to silence. Possible secondary structures should also be considered (Mathews, 1999) because they could prevent the silencing mechanism of siRNAs.
Figure 1: The siRNA with the compatible secondary structure binds to the mRNA and enables its digestion and blocks the translation of the sequence (A). The wrong secondary structure can’t bind and that way the mRNA can be translated and won’t be digested (B).
We assume that the rate of silencing by siRNAs depends in the first place on the promoter region in front of the RNAi gene. By gathering expression rates of the most popular promoters in the iGEM parts registry valuable information for modelling will be acquired. Furthermore additional factors like secondary structures, diffusion rates and degradation rates of RNA fragments. With that a model of the actual expression rate of proteins can be modeled with a given sequence that shall be silenced. The other way round this model should tell which is the best fitting promoter for a specific protein concentration. Combining both applications in one will result in a useful tool for the iGEM community.

Nanoparticle growth rates

Another big application we try to realise is the formation of nanoparticles inside the cell. For that a growing 3D model will be programmed with the Unity engine which illustrates the growth rate of different nanoparticle shapes. The growth rate depends on the existence of capping agents. The growth kinetic can be described like a chemical reaction kinetic (Phan, 2017).

References

Barnes, D. J., & Chu, D. (2010). Introduction to modeling for biosciences. Springer Science & Business Media.
Delihas, N., & Forst, S. (2001). MicF: an antisense RNA gene involved in response of Escherichia coli to global stress factors. Journal of molecular biology, 313(1), 1-12.
Mathews, D. H., Sabina, J., Zuker, M., & Turner, D. H. (1999). Expanded sequence dependence of thermodynamic parameters improves prediction of RNA secondary structure. Journal of molecular biology, 288(5), 911-940.
Phan, C. M., & Nguyen, H. M. (2017). Role of capping agent in wet synthesis of nanoparticles. The Journal of Physical Chemistry A, 121(17), 3213-3219.
Stach, J. E., & Good, L. (2011). Synthetic RNA silencing in bacteria–antimicrobial discovery and resistance breaking. Frontiers in microbiology, 2, 185.