Difference between revisions of "Team:Newcastle/Developments"

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                    Developments
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                  Future Developments
 
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                        Guide
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                 <h3 class="subhead subhead--dark">Stage One</h3>
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                 <p class="about-para">There is two options for powering this device via the mains or from a battery source. I have designed it so both can be used if the other isn’t available. However I would recommend using the mains as batteries need to be replaced regularly. Since the Arduino and LED lights need a constant 5V supply once the batteries have drained to roughly 3.5V the lights start to fade and do not operate as designed. Also we used 4 cheap AA 1.5V which totals to 6V, meaning a voltage regulator is needed to protect the circuit. This regulator can get hot after sustained use, I believe this is due to the lights drawing 1.5 Amps. However for a small demonstration this is sufficient.</p>
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                 <p class="about-para">Adding multiple sensors is a good way to collect a range of data for analytical purposes, such as; humidity, temperature, CO<sub>2</sub>, PH level sensors. This also allows for greater control over the subject plant, in our case <i>Arabidopsis</i>. However, this would lead into a problem with memory. Currently the system is run by an Arduino Uno which has Flash Memory 32 KB of which 0.5 KB is used by; bootloader, SRAM 2 KB, EEPROM 1 KB. With the Lux sensor, 80 % of the flash memory is already taken. </p>
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<p class="about-para">Therefor a more permanent and reliable source would be the mains. Taking a regular phone charger which safely steps the voltage down to 5V we have a power source for the Arduino to use. I would not recommend building your own. Usually there is live (Vdd), ground (GND), and two data lines (-D, +D) the latter two are not necessary for our application. Due to there voltage rating shown in Figure 1.0 (2.76V, 2.06V). Therefor these wires can be either trimmed shorter than Vdd and GND or taped up, to avoid a short circuit. For the example shown; red is power, black is ground, and the white and green wires are the data lines, however I would recommend confirming this is correct by checking the voltage from Vdd, D+ or D- to ground. </p>
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                <p class="about-para">When powering the Arduino a capacitor is needed in parallel, this protects it from surges in voltage which could otherwise damage it. In order to protect the LED lights there needs to be small 330Ω on the data line. A circuit diagram can be found in Figure 1.2, which details the correct set up.</p>
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                    <p class="about-para">The LED’s used also took a 5V DC power supply, which was one of the justifications for using this particular product. As it means that they can be powered from the same source as the Arduino.
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                    <p style="text-align:center"><br>Figure 1.0; Schematic of a standard USB cable.</p>
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  <p class="about-para">In order to store data from the system the Arduino needs a host shield. The ‘Mini Micro 3.3V’ would be suitable and there are plenty of forums online detailing the application of this device. [1] </p>
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              <p class="about-para">With a memory stick attached, the system can record the data every hour. Later this can be downloaded onto a laptop and plotted to show if there are any fluctuations. Unfortunately, this means we have to upgrade the Arduino model, so we have enough memory to store the code for the extra sensors and the USB stick. There are a number of models that have more storage, Arduino Due has 512 KB flash memory and 96 KB SRAM. This is more than enough for our project.</p>
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                    <p style="text-align:center"><br>Figure 1.1: Above is 4 exposed wires. Red is power, black is ground, and the white and green wires are the data lines. </p> 
 
 
                      
 
                      
 
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                    <p style="text-align:center"><br>Figure 1.2: Schematic demonstrating how to power the Arduino and the LED's</p>
 
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                <h5>ROUGHLY</h5>
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                <div class="stats__count">2</div>
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                <h5>AMPS ARE PULLED</h5>
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                <h5>FOR THE WHOLE SYSTEM</h5>
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                 <h1 class="display-2">References & Attributions</h1>
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                <h5>APPROXIMATELY</h5>
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                 <div class="stats__count">70</div>
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                <h5>KWH OF POWER ANNUALLY</h5>
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                <h5>USED TO POWER SYSTEM</h5>
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                <h5>PROVIDES UP TO</h5>
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                <div class="stats__count">1700</div>
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                <h5>LUX OF LIGHT</h5>
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                <h5>CONTAINS</h5>
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                <div class="stats__count">120</div>
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                <h5>INDIVIDUALLY ADDRESSABLE</h5>
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                <h5>LOW-POWER LED'S</h5>
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<p class="about-para"><font size="3"><b>Attributions: Luke Waller, Umar Farooq</b></p>
  
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<p class="about-para"><font size="3"><b>1.</b> Ardiuno, 23 Aug 2008; 'https://store.arduino.cc/arduino-pro-mini'</font></p>
  
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Latest revision as of 22:52, 17 October 2018

Alternative Roots/Developments

Alternative Roots

Future Developments

Sensors Data Storage

Sensors

Adding multiple sensors is a good way to collect a range of data for analytical purposes, such as; humidity, temperature, CO2, PH level sensors. This also allows for greater control over the subject plant, in our case Arabidopsis. However, this would lead into a problem with memory. Currently the system is run by an Arduino Uno which has Flash Memory 32 KB of which 0.5 KB is used by; bootloader, SRAM 2 KB, EEPROM 1 KB. With the Lux sensor, 80 % of the flash memory is already taken.

Data Storage

In order to store data from the system the Arduino needs a host shield. The ‘Mini Micro 3.3V’ would be suitable and there are plenty of forums online detailing the application of this device. [1]

With a memory stick attached, the system can record the data every hour. Later this can be downloaded onto a laptop and plotted to show if there are any fluctuations. Unfortunately, this means we have to upgrade the Arduino model, so we have enough memory to store the code for the extra sensors and the USB stick. There are a number of models that have more storage, Arduino Due has 512 KB flash memory and 96 KB SRAM. This is more than enough for our project.





References & Attributions

Attributions: Luke Waller, Umar Farooq

1. Ardiuno, 23 Aug 2008; 'https://store.arduino.cc/arduino-pro-mini'