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− | <h4>Silver</h4> | + | <h4>Silver: Our Project in Society</h4> |
</div> | </div> | ||
<div class="block hiddenContent"> | <div class="block hiddenContent"> | ||
<span class="closeCross"><img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2018/6/67/T--Pasteur_Paris--CloseCross.svg"></span> | <span class="closeCross"><img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2018/6/67/T--Pasteur_Paris--CloseCross.svg"></span> | ||
<div class="block title"> | <div class="block title"> | ||
− | |||
<p><i>One of the main concerns we had while developing our synthetic biology project was to determine in which way our biofilm could be used and who would be using it, in order to evaluate its impact on society. The field which would benefit the most of a nerves redirection while reducing the risk of infection, was orthopedic surgery, targeting patients suffering amputation.</i></p> | <p><i>One of the main concerns we had while developing our synthetic biology project was to determine in which way our biofilm could be used and who would be using it, in order to evaluate its impact on society. The field which would benefit the most of a nerves redirection while reducing the risk of infection, was orthopedic surgery, targeting patients suffering amputation.</i></p> | ||
+ | </div> | ||
+ | <div class="block title"><h3>Investigating Infection During Surgery</h3></div> | ||
+ | <div class="block full"> | ||
+ | <p>In medicine, surgery is a very common procedure. According to the data available, gathered by the Royal College of Surgeons, around 4.7 million surgical procedures were performed in 2014 in England; meaning that 7% of the total population is impacted by surgery. In the United States of America, according again to data gathered by the 2010 Ambulatory Medical Care Survey (NHAMCD), 48.23 million surgical procedures were performed in 2010. That’s around 14.8% of the total population. 5% of patients undergoing surgery develop surgical site infections (SSIs), which may cause substantial morbidity that can endanger a patient’s life, increase the number of days in the hospital and increase healthcare costs. SSIs are defined as infections that occur within 1 year if an implant is being placed.</p> | ||
+ | <p>We want to understand what goes on during a surgical procedure, what types of precautions were taken and what were the impacts of an infection for the patient. Thus, we began contacting surgeons and associations to learn more. </p> | ||
+ | </div> | ||
+ | <div class="block title"><h3 style="text-align: left;">European Hospital Georges-Pompidou (HEGP) in Paris </h3></div> | ||
+ | <div class="block full"> | ||
+ | <p>The European Hospital Georges-Pompidou is the newest and biggest Parisian hospital. It opened in 2001, receiving the name of one of the French Presidents, Georges Pompidou. It’s one of the most efficient hospitals in Europe, illustrating itself by being the first cardiac transplant facility on the continent. </p> | ||
+ | <p>At the HEGP, we learned about the methods used to minimize the risks of infection, as well as how the surgeon was approaching those risks for the patients. With authorization from Dr. Benjamin Bouyer, we also had the chance to observe a team of surgeons during a spine implant operation. It became clear to us that even though every step was taken to eliminate the risk of infection, it could be useful to develop a system to minimize one step further this risk in the case of an implant. </p> | ||
+ | </div> | ||
+ | <div class="block half"> | ||
+ | <h5 style="text-align: left;">Interview with Dr. Benjamin Bouyer </h5> | ||
+ | <p>Dr. Benjamin Bouyer’s main concern with our project was how we would be incorporating the biofilm inside the patient. Indeed, every implant is given to the surgeon in a sterile way, inside a bag the doctor would not open until the very last moment. He also brought up the issue of our system being 3 in 1. Indeed, our biofilm would be capable of reducing the risk of infection by S. aureus but would also be modified to induce the growth of nerves when needed, all this while conducting a signal. Indeed, our project is focusing on amputated patients, meaning only they would need all the three branches of our system. We reassured him by explaining that our system could also be used only for its inhibition of virulence properties, and that it could be open to every type of patient. He did, however, believe that our project could be useful to many branches of medicine. We also asked him if he would, as a surgeon, use our device if the laws changed about the use of GMOs, and his response was very positive. Indeed, in his opinion, no doctor would reject a system proven to reduce infections. </p> | ||
+ | </div> | ||
+ | <div class="block half"> | ||
+ | <img src=""> | ||
+ | <div class="legend">Dr. Benjamin Bouyer is a surgeon at the HEGP specialized in lumbar rachis surgeries. He is currently clinical assistant head at the hospital and is also part of the “Société Française de Chirurgie du Rachis” or in english the “French Society of Rachis Surgeries”. </div> | ||
+ | </div> | ||
+ | <div class="block title"><h3 style="text-align: left;">The Institut Pasteur</h3></div> | ||
+ | <div class="block half"> | ||
+ | <img src=""> | ||
+ | <div class="legend">Dr. Jean-Marc Ghigo is microbiologist at the Institut Pasteur. His project is focusing on the genetics of biofilm. He is interested in the mechanisms involved in infections independent of a material, and infection linked to an implanted material. </div> | ||
+ | </div> | ||
+ | <div class="block half"> | ||
+ | <p>Dr. Jean-Marc Ghigo was the first professional to talk to us about the formation of biofilms. In addition to his help with lab biofilm growth protocols, he also gave us great advice concerning our device and the confinement of our biofilm. Indeed, biofilms have a tendency to colonize the system and we needed to think of a way to confine them so they don’t disperse in the patient’s body or contaminate other material during the integration of the implant. By confining the biofilm, we would also reduce the chances of bacterial conjugation between possible pathogenic bacteria and ours. </p> | ||
</div> | </div> | ||
</div> | </div> | ||
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</br> | </br> | ||
<p>As our product is meant to be a medical device and inserted in the human body, an important question would: would people accept to wear our prosthesis? | <p>As our product is meant to be a medical device and inserted in the human body, an important question would: would people accept to wear our prosthesis? | ||
− | As we wanted to have the most honest answer to this question, we paid attention to the formulation. The question was | + | As we wanted to have the most honest answer to this question, we paid attention to the formulation. The question was « If necessary and in if a NeuronArch prosthesis were available on the market, would you be ready to integrate to your body or recommend such a medical device, integrating genetically modified organisms? ». We wanted to remind them that we were talking about a medical device that would insert GMOs in the human body. |
We were surprised by the rate a positive answer to this question. Indeed, only 11% of those polled answered they would not accept to wear our device. </p></div> | We were surprised by the rate a positive answer to this question. Indeed, only 11% of those polled answered they would not accept to wear our device. </p></div> | ||
<div class ="block full"> | <div class ="block full"> | ||
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<div class="block full"><p>Some comments: | <div class="block full"><p>Some comments: | ||
</br> | </br> | ||
− | + | « Je suis de tout coeur avec vous dans ce projet ! » (<i>“I am with you in this project with all my heart!”</i>) | |
</br> | </br> | ||
− | + | « J'ai appris beaucoup d'informations sur le sujet que je ne connaissais pas » (<i>“I have learned a lot of information on a subject I did not know before”</i>) | |
</br> | </br> | ||
− | + | « Merci de m'avoir fait connaître votre projet et j'espère qu'il sera couronné de succès et qu'il pourra servir dans d'autres circonstances (éviter la multirésistance de certains germes, proposer d'autres thérapies ...) » (<i>“Thanks for making me discover your project and I hope it will be successful and that it will useful in other circumstances (avoid multiresistance to some germs, offer other kind of therapies…)”</i>) | |
</br> | </br> | ||
« Sujet intéressant, qui pourra, et j'espère améliorer la vie des personnes amputées. Et surtout bon courage et bonne chance à vous. » (“<i>Interesting subject, that will, and I hope, improve life of amputees. Above all good luck</i>”)</p> | « Sujet intéressant, qui pourra, et j'espère améliorer la vie des personnes amputées. Et surtout bon courage et bonne chance à vous. » (“<i>Interesting subject, that will, and I hope, improve life of amputees. Above all good luck</i>”)</p> |
Revision as of 21:24, 13 October 2018