Difference between revisions of "Team:IIT-Madras/Software"

 
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<h2 style="font-size: 9mm;">ChassiDex</h2>
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<h2 style="font-size: 9mm;"><a href="https://chassidex.org" target="_blank">ChassiDex</a></h2>
  
  
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While iGEM teams and the synthetic biology community has mostly focussed on developing DNA parts called ‘BioBricks’ for use in biological systems, the parts have to be ultimately used in an organism called host or sometimes even ‘chassis’. For most projects, researchers try to stick with using a few familiar model organisms such as Escherichia coli for the host system requirements. Lack of experience is often a reason to avoid unfamiliar yet apt organisms for the project at hand. To explain this with an analogy, imagine Taxi-hailing apps being available only for desktop computers because the developers do not know how to develop applications that run on mobile phones. Hence, in the 2017 edition of iGEM, Team IIT Madras worked on developing a database of host organisms called ChassiDex that aimed to curate different organisms along with all the information about them that is relevant in the context of synthetic biology. The idea of having such a database was very well received by the synthetic biology community that attended the iGEM Giant Jamboree in 2017. We have continued working on the project and revamping it with suggestions received, with the hope to improve this project and create a team to manage the database.
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While iGEM teams and the synthetic biology community have mostly focused on developing DNA parts called ‘BioBricks’ for use in biological systems, the parts have to be ultimately used in an organism called a host or sometimes even ‘chassis’. For most projects, researchers try to stick with using a few familiar model organisms such as Escherichia coli for the host system requirements. Lack of experience is often a reason to avoid unfamiliar yet apt organisms for the project at hand. To explain this with an analogy, imagine Taxi-hailing apps being available only for desktop computers because the developers do not know how to develop applications that run on mobile phones. Hence, in the 2017 edition of iGEM, Team IIT Madras worked on developing a database of host organisms called ChassiDex, that aimed to curate different organisms along with all the information about them that is relevant in the context of synthetic biology. The idea of having such a database was very well received by the synthetic biology community that attended the iGEM Giant Jamboree in 2017. We have continued working on the project and revamped it with the suggestions we received, with the hope of improving this project and creating a team to manage the database.
 
The website for the database is available at <a href="https://chassidex.org" target="_blank">Chassidex.org.</a><br>
 
The website for the database is available at <a href="https://chassidex.org" target="_blank">Chassidex.org.</a><br>
 
Additionally, We also developed some independent tools to help make life easier for synthetic biologists.   
 
Additionally, We also developed some independent tools to help make life easier for synthetic biologists.   
 
These include <a href="https://cute.chassidex.org" target="_blank">CUTE,</a>a codon table generator and <a href="https://comicsyns.chassidex.org" target="_blank">ComicSyns,</a>a font for synthetic biologists.
 
These include <a href="https://cute.chassidex.org" target="_blank">CUTE,</a>a codon table generator and <a href="https://comicsyns.chassidex.org" target="_blank">ComicSyns,</a>a font for synthetic biologists.
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<br>
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<a href="https://github.com/igemsoftware2018/Team_IIT-Madras_chassidex" target="_blank">Code on GitHub</a><br>
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<center><img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2018/1/1f/T--IIT-Madras--cdxmain.png" alt="chassidex main page" style="width: 75%"></center><br>
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Chassidex Main Page<br><br>
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<center><img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2018/d/db/T--IIT-Madras--cdxabylyi.png" alt="chassidex main page" style="width: 75%"></center><br>
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Sample Organism: <em>A. Baylyi</em><br>Our Organism of Interest for the year<br>
  
 
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<h2 style="font-size: 9mm;"><a href="https://cute.chassidex.org" target="_blank">CUTE: Codon Usage TablE generator</a></h2>
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<span style="padding-right: 73%;"><strong>Motivations:</strong></span>
 
  
 
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We looked up the literature for <em>Acinetobacter baylyi</em> ADP1 but could not find substantial literature backing. The literature was too less and not many tools were available to do synthetic biology experiments with this organism. So, This was the motivation to generate a toolbox for <em>Acinetobacter baylyi</em> and try to make it as generic as possible so that if any other team or research groups wish to work with other organism then they can used these tools.
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Codon Usage Tables. Every host organism has its own codon bias: the biased usage of particular codons when two or more codons in the genetic code stand for the same amino acid. While expressing a protein heterologously in a host organism, the DNA sequence is optimized to match the codon bias of the host, while keeping the protein sequence constant. This process is known as codon optimization and is done to increase expression in the chosen host organism. With ChassiDex, we aimed to make working with novel hosts easier for biologists, and also realized the role of codon optimization in doing so. While trying to synthesize a GFP reporter for Acinetobacter baylyi, GenScript informed us that they only had access to a codon usage table from Kazusa<sup><a href="#1">[1]</a></sup>: a rather outdated database of codon tables that was generated in 2007 using the genome and coding sequence data available at that time. For A. baylyi, only two coding sequences were available and considered for generating the table, this wasn’t statistically significant. However, a large number of coding sequences have been identified from the sequenced genome of A. baylyi now and we decided to build a software tool to generate the codon table ourselves. We have integrated this tool with ChassiDex, hoping to help out synthetic biologists who might find themselves in a similar situation as ourselves. We used this tool to generate a codon usage table for Acinetobacter baylyi, which we then used to codon optimize our GFP protein. We found this codon optimized version of GFP to show a higher expression in A. baylyi compared to the unoptimized one. The tool is hosted at <a href="https://cute.chassidex.org">CUTE ChassiDex</a>and has the following features designed for the end user who is not a geek in programming:
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<span style="padding-right: 80%;"><strong>Project:</strong></span>
 
  
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<li>Completely Graphical User Interface (GUI), no coding or command line knowledge is required to use the tool.</li>
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<li>Runs in the web browser and hence across all Operating Systems (Windows/MacOS/Linux)</li>
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<li>No download/installation required.The tool can be used by simply visiting the website. Even on the website, no login or registration is required to use the tool.</li>
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<li>It is written in JavaScript and the entire program is front-end, which means we do not have to manage server-side code. This reduces operating costs for us.</li>
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</ul>
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The first thing that is required for any synthetic biology experiments are fluorescent reporter proteins. We wished to codon optimize GFP and mCherry for <em>A. baylyi</em>. However,  when we asked the companies to codon optimize the fluoroscent proteins, the problem with companies was they did not have the codon bias table for <em>A. baylyi</em>.<br><br>
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<strong>Solution 1:</strong> We made a free use online tool called CUTE (codon usage table enumerator) that can generate Codon usage table by taking into consideration the protein coding annotation. This tool can be used for any other organism whose Genome has been sequences and protein coding regions are annotated. Cute can be found on the <a href="https://cute.chassidex.org" target="_blank">CUTE ChassiDex.</a><br>We generated the codon usage table as the protein annotation of <em>A. baylyi</em> is available on the  <a href="https://ncbi.nlm.nih.gov" target="_blank">NCBI</a>website. Using this codon table, we codon optimized reporter proteins and its characterization can be found here. <br><br>
 
<strong>Solution 2:</strong> Next we move on to building a Synthetic promoter library for <em>Acinetobacter baylyi</em> ADP1 but we wanted to make the promoter library as generic as possible. So we made a T5 promoter based library which can have varying strengths. This library can be extremely useful for metabolic engineering and synthetic biology experiments.<br>
 
  
  
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<a href="https://github.com/igemsoftware2018/Team_IIT-Madras_cutecodons" target="_blank">Code on GitHub</a>
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<center><img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2018/3/3b/T--IIT-Madras--cute.png" alt="chassidex main page" style="width: 75%"></center>
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A Codon Bias Table generated for a FASTA Sequence taken from NCBI<br><br>
  
 
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<h2 style="font-size: 9mm;"><a href="https://comicsyns.chassidex.org" target="_blank">ComicSyns</a></h2>
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<p style="font-size:5.5mm; font-family: 'title', sans-serif;" class="p12 p16" ALIGN=LEFT >
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<strong>Draw SynBio circuits with ease!</strong>
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ComicSyns is an iconic icon font that lets you draw SynBio circuit symbols by simply typing in characters on your keyboard! The symbols are adapted from SBOL Visual<sup><a href="#2">[2]</a></sup>
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<a href="https://github.com/igemsoftware2018/Team_IIT-Madras_comicsyns" target="_blank">Code on GitHub</a>
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<center><img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2018/c/cb/T--IIT-Madras--comicsynspic.png" alt="chassidex main page" style="width: 75%"></center><br>
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ComicSyns Main Page<br><br>
  
  
 
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<center><h1 style="font-family: 'title', sans-serif; font-size: 12mm; color: #0060c0;"><a href="https://github.com/ChassiDex" target="_blank">Link to our GitHub organisation<a></h1></center>
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<h1 style="font-family: 'title', sans-serif; font-size: 12mm; padding-left: 20%; color: #00b355;">References</h1>
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<li id="1">Nakamura, Y., Gojobori, T., & Ikemura, T. (2000). Codon usage tabulated from international DNA sequence databases: status for the year 2000. Nucleic Acids Research, 28(1), 292.</li>
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<li id="2">Cox et. al. 2018, Synthetic Biology Open Language Visual (SBOL Visual) Version 2.0, Journal of Integrative Bioinformatics, Volume 15, Issue 1, 20170074, ISSN (Online) 1613-4516, DOI: <a href="https://doi.org/10.1515/jib-2017-0074">https://doi.org/10.1515/jib-2017-0074</a>.</li>
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Latest revision as of 03:02, 18 October 2018

iGEM Collaborations Page

Team: IIT-Madras/ADaPtat1on

Software

ChassiDex

While iGEM teams and the synthetic biology community have mostly focused on developing DNA parts called ‘BioBricks’ for use in biological systems, the parts have to be ultimately used in an organism called a host or sometimes even ‘chassis’. For most projects, researchers try to stick with using a few familiar model organisms such as Escherichia coli for the host system requirements. Lack of experience is often a reason to avoid unfamiliar yet apt organisms for the project at hand. To explain this with an analogy, imagine Taxi-hailing apps being available only for desktop computers because the developers do not know how to develop applications that run on mobile phones. Hence, in the 2017 edition of iGEM, Team IIT Madras worked on developing a database of host organisms called ChassiDex, that aimed to curate different organisms along with all the information about them that is relevant in the context of synthetic biology. The idea of having such a database was very well received by the synthetic biology community that attended the iGEM Giant Jamboree in 2017. We have continued working on the project and revamped it with the suggestions we received, with the hope of improving this project and creating a team to manage the database. The website for the database is available at Chassidex.org.
Additionally, We also developed some independent tools to help make life easier for synthetic biologists. These include CUTE,a codon table generator and ComicSyns,a font for synthetic biologists.
Code on GitHub

chassidex main page

Chassidex Main Page

chassidex main page

Sample Organism: A. Baylyi
Our Organism of Interest for the year


CUTE: Codon Usage TablE generator

Codon Usage Tables. Every host organism has its own codon bias: the biased usage of particular codons when two or more codons in the genetic code stand for the same amino acid. While expressing a protein heterologously in a host organism, the DNA sequence is optimized to match the codon bias of the host, while keeping the protein sequence constant. This process is known as codon optimization and is done to increase expression in the chosen host organism. With ChassiDex, we aimed to make working with novel hosts easier for biologists, and also realized the role of codon optimization in doing so. While trying to synthesize a GFP reporter for Acinetobacter baylyi, GenScript informed us that they only had access to a codon usage table from Kazusa[1]: a rather outdated database of codon tables that was generated in 2007 using the genome and coding sequence data available at that time. For A. baylyi, only two coding sequences were available and considered for generating the table, this wasn’t statistically significant. However, a large number of coding sequences have been identified from the sequenced genome of A. baylyi now and we decided to build a software tool to generate the codon table ourselves. We have integrated this tool with ChassiDex, hoping to help out synthetic biologists who might find themselves in a similar situation as ourselves. We used this tool to generate a codon usage table for Acinetobacter baylyi, which we then used to codon optimize our GFP protein. We found this codon optimized version of GFP to show a higher expression in A. baylyi compared to the unoptimized one. The tool is hosted at CUTE ChassiDexand has the following features designed for the end user who is not a geek in programming:

  • Completely Graphical User Interface (GUI), no coding or command line knowledge is required to use the tool.
  • Runs in the web browser and hence across all Operating Systems (Windows/MacOS/Linux)
  • No download/installation required.The tool can be used by simply visiting the website. Even on the website, no login or registration is required to use the tool.
  • It is written in JavaScript and the entire program is front-end, which means we do not have to manage server-side code. This reduces operating costs for us.

Code on GitHub

chassidex main page
A Codon Bias Table generated for a FASTA Sequence taken from NCBI


ComicSyns

Draw SynBio circuits with ease! ComicSyns is an iconic icon font that lets you draw SynBio circuit symbols by simply typing in characters on your keyboard! The symbols are adapted from SBOL Visual[2]

Code on GitHub

chassidex main page

ComicSyns Main Page


Link to our GitHub organisation

References