Team:Pasteur Paris/Description
In science fiction movies, some amputees are equiped with incredibly efficient bionic prostheses that enable them to accomplish everyday gestures like any valid person would. At the beginning of our project, we wanted to understand why this kind of technologies were not yet available. There are millions of amputees around the world, and presently, the very best equipment that can be offered to them is still far from equaling expectations or those seen in the movies.
To solve this problem, our team of biologists, physicists, mathematicians, designers and lawyers decided to tackle the problem from several angles. We had less than a year to develop our project, and we were resolute to come up with an innovation worthy of this major stake!
We decided to create a universal biological interface that would be able to connect the residual nerves from the amputees’ limbs and the prosthesis. The idea was to express neurotrophins (NGF) from the inside to help the nerves grow back to the prosthesis. However, putting bacteria at a prosthetic interface was both a technical and ethical challenge. Moreover, with this innovation came the necessity to have the device surgically osseointegrated to the patient. This opened our minds to a huge challenge of orthopedic implants: infectious biofilms. These frequently develop around implants and cause heavy infections, very resistant to antibiotics. We decided to tackle both problems at the same time, using synthetic biology to add a barrier of protection against pathogenic bacteria directly into our device.
We designed this interface as something that could become the new standard, something that would then be connected to any bionic prosthesis, and that would allow a much greater control on the movement. We mixed synthetic biology with disciplines like physics and industrial design to come up with a prototype (fig. 1).
To do all of that, we decided to cover the inner part of the device with an engineered biofilm of E. coli bacteria. We gave them two main functions: the secretion of NGF and the inhibition of S. aureus quorum sensing (fig. 2).
Since we began working on NeuronArch, we have all endeavored as much as possible to make it become something real. We hope you’ll have as much fun discovering our project through our wiki as we had making it!
Team iGEM Pasteur Paris 2018