Team:Calgary/Chromatin Modifying Elements
CHROMATIN-MODIFYING ELEMENTS
Chromatin-Modifying Elements Overview
Eukaryotic chassis vary significantly from prokaryotic chassis in certain elements pertaining to regulation of gene expression. Eukaryotes have a complex epigenetic code that involves histone modifications and DNA methylation, as well as innate defense mechanisms that target exogenous DNA inserts. These factors contribute to the gradual reduction in expression of an integrated gene over time, commonly known as gene silencing.
Furthermore, integrated genetic constructs often contain DNA regulatory elements such as enhancers and promoters that may interact bidirectionally with those endogenous to the genome. Known as neighbourhood effects, these interactions can lead to highly variable and unpredictable expression levels of all genes involved.
In order to mitigate the aforementioned issues, our team investigated eukaryotic chromatin-modifying elements (CMEs). Within this broad category of DNA elements, insulators and ubiquitously-acting chromatin opening elements (UCOEs) were selected for further exploration due to their unique properties.
Insulators
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Ubiquitously-Acting Chromatin Opening Elements (UCOEs)
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WORKS CITED
Lewin, A., Mayer, M., Chusainow, J., Jacob, D., Appel, B. (2005). Viral promoters can initiate expression of toxin genes introduced into Escherichia coli. Biomed Central Biotechnology, 5(19). doi: 10.1186/1472-6750-5-19.