Difference between revisions of "Team:Evry Paris-Saclay/InterLab"

 
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<h3 style="font-weight:800; text-align:center;" >Measurements</h3><br/>
 
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<p style="font-size:15px;">The cultures were diluted by a factor 10 in 5 mL of LB (Luria Bertani) supplemented with chloramphenicol. The absorbance at 600nm was measured in a microplate. Then, they were diluted again in a total volume of 12 mL in order to have cell suspensions at an absorbance of 0.02 at 600nm (Table 4).</p><br/>
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<p style="font-size:15px;">The cultures were diluted by a factor 10 in 5 mL of LB (Luria Bertani) supplemented with chloramphenicol. The absorbance at 600nm was measured in a microplate. Then, they were diluted again in a total volume of 12 mL in order to have cell suspensions at an absorbance of 0.02 at 600nm. The OD<sub>600nm</sub> was corrected according to the first calibration factor. The results are presented in Table 4.</p><br/>
 
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   <figcaption style="font-size:12px;font-family: 'Nunito', sans-serif;"><b>Table 4</b>: The OD<sub>600nm</sub> was corrected according to the first calibration factor.
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   <figcaption style="font-size:12px;font-family: 'Nunito', sans-serif;"><b>Table 4</b>: Cell measurement results.
 
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Latest revision as of 21:52, 7 December 2018


TO CONTACT US
Genopole Campus 1, Batiment 6, 91030 Evry Cedex, France
+33 7 69 96 68 31
igemevry@gmail.com

© Copyright 2018
Design & Developpement by
IGEM EVRY GENOPOLE

THE INTERLAB STUDY

In synthetic biology, the use of reporter genes, such as the ones coding fluorescent proteins, is common to test genetic constructions or to establish proofs of concept for instance. However, the method used to analyse fluorescence data can change between laboratories. As standardization and repeatability are two fundamental principles in synthetic biology, the iGEM Measurement Committee proposed to develop universal tools that would enable to compare data and reduce the variability between laboratories in fluorescence measurements. To do so, they ask every year iGEM teams to test tools and hypotheses. Because many iGEM teams usually take part in this study, they can provide conclusions supported by a strong statistical analysis. Impressed by this initiative, the team iGEM Evry Paris-Saclay decided to take part in this InterLab study once again this year.




Fluorescent measurements are usually normalized according to the cell density to allow comparisons. The turbidity of cell suspensions or optical density measured at 600nm is the marker used to assess cell density. Nonetheless, it appears that this normalization leads to the introduction of more variability between laboratories in the data, coming from the optical density at 600nm measurement. There are more accurate methods that can directly estimate the absolute cell count in a sample. This year, the iGEM Measurement Committee thus wondered if by using these methods and by normalizing fluorescent measurements according to the absolute cell count instead of the optical density at 600nm, the variability between the laboratories would be decreased. To do so, two approaches will be set up: (i) the first one aims to estimate the absolute cell count by converting absorbance at 600nm of cell suspensions to absorbance at 600nm of a known silica beads that have similar physical properties as E. coli cells, creating then a universal standard; (ii) the second one aims to directly count the number of colony-forming units in each sample.


MATERIALS

The plate reader used is the CLARIOstar from BMGLabtech (Figure 1) and the strain used is E. coli DH5α from New English Biolabs (NEB). The measurements were performed in a COSTAR 96, a black 96-well polystyrene microplate with flat bottom from Corning. The silica beads, the colloidal silica suspension (LUDOX) and the fluorescein come from the 2018 iGEM distribution kit.


Figure 1: CLARIOstar (BMGLabtech) plate reader used for the InterLab study.

SAFETY

Labcoats, long pants, closed toe shoes, gloves and a domestic biological safety cabinet were used during these experiments.


CALIBRATION

The protocol summarised in Table 1 was used for the fluorescence intensity and the absorbance measurements by the CLARIOstar plate reader. All measurements were performed at room temperature (26.9°C).


Table 1: Protocol used for the fluorescence intensity and the absorbance measurements.
OD600nm measurements Fluorescence intensity measurements
Microplate COSTAR 96 COSTAR 96
Orbital averaging Orbital averaging: ON
Diameter: 3 mm
Orbital averaging: ON
Diameter: 3 mm
Specific characteristics Discrete wavelengths mode
Wavelength: 600nm
Path length correction disabled
Excitation: 483-14
Dichroic: auto 502.5
Emission: 530-30
Top optic

Calibration 1: reference point


Absorbance measurement depend on the optical path. On a spectrophotometer, it is defined by the length of the cuvette, but on a plate reader, it varies depending on the volume in each well. In order to convert absorbance measurements from a plate reader to the ones from a spectrophotometer, the absorbance at 600nm from a 45% colloidal silica suspension (LUDOX) was measured by a plate reader (4 replicates were performed) (Table 2).


Table 2: Calibration 1:​ OD600nm​ Reference point - LUDOX Protocol.
LUDOX CL-X H2O
Replicate 1 0.222 0.186
Replicate 2 0.206 0.143
Replicate 3 0.206 0.162
Replicate 4 0.191 0.146
Arith. Mean 0.206 0.159
Corrected Abs600nm 0.047 Corrected value is particle-only contribution
Reference OD600nm 0.063 Reference value is for 100 µL of LUDOX CL-X in a well of a standard 96-well flat-bottom black with clear bottom plate
OD600nm/Abs600nm 1.340 Corrected value = scaling factor * measured value

Calibration 2: particle standard curve


The aim here is to use different dilutions of a suspension of a known concentration of silica beads that share similar physical properties to E. coli cells to establish a particle standard curve.


After checking that the provided silica beads suspension hasn’t been frozen, 96 µL of it was added in 904 µL of milliQ water in an 1.5 mL tube. The tube was then vortexed for 10 seconds and 10 serial dilutions by a factor 2 were realised in a microplate in a final volume of 100 µL. The last well was filled with 100 µL of water. 4 replicates were performed.

The protocol is depicted in Figure 2 and the results presented in Figures 3 and 4.


Figure 2: Graphical representation of the protocol used for the particle standard curve.

Figure 3: Particle standard curve.

Figure 4: Particle standard curve (log scales).

Calibration 3: Fluorescence standard curve


Because plate readers measure fluorescence intensity in arbitrary units, it is necessary to establish a fluorescence standard curve to compare values from different plate readers.


To do so, a 10x fluorescein solution is prepared with PBS in 1 mL. Then a 1x solution, at 10 µM is prepared in 1 mL with PBS too. Ten serial dilutions by a factor 2 were realised in a microplate in a final volume of 100 µL. The last well was filled with 100 µL of PBS. 4 replicates were performed.

The protocol is depicted in Figure 5 and the results presented in Figures 6 and 7.


Figure 5: Graphical representation of the protocol used for the fluorescein standard curve.

Figure 6: Fluorescein standard curve.

Figure 7: Fluorescein standard curve (log scales).

CELL MEASUREMENTS

Transformations


Competent E. coli DH5α ware transformed with test devices 1 to 6, as well as with a positive and a negative control (Table 3), following the iGEM transformation protocol.


Table 3: Parts used in this InterLab study.
Device Part Number Plate Location
Negative control BBa_R0040 2018 Kit Plate 7 Well 2D
Positive control BBa_I20270 2018 Kit Plate 7 Well 2B
Test Device 1 BBa_J364000 2018 Kit Plate 7 Well 2F
Test Device 2 BBa_J364001 2018 Kit Plate 7 Well 2H
Test Device 3 BBa_J364002 2018 Kit Plate 7 Well 2J
Test Device 4 BBa_J364007 2018 Kit Plate 7 Well 2L
Test Device 5 BBa_J364008 2018 Kit Plate 7 Well 2N
Test Device 6 BBa_J364009 2018 Kit Plate 7 Well 2P

Two clones for each constructs were then isolated and cultured in liquid media at 37°C under agitation (220 rpm) overnight (Figure 8).


Figure 8: E. coli cells pelleted down at 4000 rpm during 5 minutes and examined under blue light.

Measurements


The cultures were diluted by a factor 10 in 5 mL of LB (Luria Bertani) supplemented with chloramphenicol. The absorbance at 600nm was measured in a microplate. Then, they were diluted again in a total volume of 12 mL in order to have cell suspensions at an absorbance of 0.02 at 600nm. The OD600nm was corrected according to the first calibration factor. The results are presented in Table 4.


Table 4: Cell measurement results.
Positive control Negative control Test device 1 Test device 2 Test device 3 Test device 4 Test device 5 Test device 6
Colony 1 OD600nm 0.221 0.234 0.210 0.211 0.235 0.217 0.208 0.211
0.252 0.269 0.258 0.262 0.248 0.239 0.205 0.237
Brut mean 0.2365 0.2515 0.2240 0.2365 0.2415 0.2280 0.2065 0.2240
Net mean 0.0470 0.0620 0.0445 0.0470 0.0520 0.0385 0.0170 0.0345
Corrected OD600nm 0.24675 0.3255 0.233625 0.24675 0.273 0.202125 0.08925 0.181125
Dilution factor 12.3375 16.275 11.68125 12.3375 13.65 10.10625 4.4625 9.05625
Volume of cell suspension (mL) 0.973 0.737 1.027 0.973 0.879 1.187 2.689 1.325
Volume of LB-chloramphenicol (mL) 11.03 11.26 10.97 11.03 11.12 10.81 9.31 10.67
Colony 2 OD600nm 0.218 0.264 0.232 0.233 0.249 0.227 0.244 0.234
0.245 0.274 0.233 0.247 0.254 0.241 0.234 0.230
Brut mean 0.2315 0.2690 0.2325 0.2400 0.2515 0.2340 0.2390 0.2320
Net mean 0.0420 0.0795 0.0430 0.0505 0.0620 0.0445 0.0495 0.0425
Corrected OD600nm 0.2205 0.417375 0.22575 0.265125 0.3255 0.233625 0.259875 0.223125
Dilution factor 11.025 20.86875 11.2875 13.25625 16.275 11.68125 12.99375 11.15625
Volume of cell suspension (mL) 1.088 0.575 1.063 0.905 0.737 1.027 0.924 1.076
Volume of LB-chloramphenicol (mL) 10.91 11.42 10.94 11.09 11.26 10.97 11.08 10.92

500 µL of each cultures were collected in 1.5 mL tubes that were placed on ice (t=0h samples). The rest of the cultures were incubated at 37°C under agitation (220 rpm) during 6 hours. Two microplates were then prepared according to the layout presented in Figure 9 (one for the t=0h samples and one for the t=6h samples). 100 µL per well were deposited.


Figure 9: The layout used and a black COSTAR 96 microplate.

Colony forming units per 0.1 OD600nm E. coli cultures


The cultured of E. coli DH5α harbouring the negative or the positive control parts were diluted by a factor 8 in 200 µL of LB supplemented with chloramphenicol. The OD600nm was measured in a microplate. The measurements ware performed in duplicate. The results are presented in Table 5.


Table 5: The OD600nm values obtained for the cultures of E. coli DH5α harbouring the negative or the positive control parts.
OD600nm
Positive control (1) 0.248
Positive control (2) 0.261
Negative control (1) 0.254
Negative control (1) 0.255
Culturing media (LB + Chloramphenicol) 0.137
Culturing media (LB + Chloramphenicol) 0.137

These samples are then diluted in order to obtain three 1 mL cell suspensions per sample with an OD600nm of 0.1 (Table 6).


Table 6: Dilution protocol for the cultures of E. coli DH5α harbouring the negative or the positive control parts.
Volume of cell suspension Volume of Culturing media (LB + Chloramphenicol)
Positive control (1) 0.118 mL 0.882 mL
Positive control (2) 0.105 mL 0.895 mL
Negative control (1) 0.112 mL 0.888 mL
Negative control (1) 0.111 mL 0.889 mL

The OD600nm of the diluted samples was then measured to check that it equals 0.1 and 200µL of each diluted sample were deposit in a microplate. These cell suspensions were then diluted by a factor 8x103, 8x104 and 8x105 according to the scheme in Figure 10 and then 100 µL were plated on petri dishes containing 20 mL of LB agar supplemented with chloramphenicol at a final concentration of 35 µg/mL. The petri dishes were incubated overnight at 37°C. The number of colonies on each petri dish was then counted.


Figure 10: Graphical representation of the protocol used for diluting the E. coli cell suspensions.

InterLab TEAM

Our Interlab team was composed by Camille Monteil (our student intern) and Paul Ahavi. Both were involved in all steps of this study.


Camille: “I think the InterLab study is a excellent practice, especially as an intern. Protocols are clear, with a lot of details, easy to understand and not so difficult to realize. Moreover Excel files, are a such a good idea and a good help. Thanks to the InterLab study, my self-confidence in performing experiments has definitely increased. Repetitive steps were maybe a little long for a single day but, in the end, it allowed me to assimilate the manipulation and the good laboratory practices. Doing the measurements and the colony forming unit protocol on the same day was a little stressful and difficult, but maybe it's not so bad afterwards.”


Paul: “To me, the InterLab study was a user friendly experiment. It is perfectly suitable within the iGEM adventure because it is designed to be accessible: not too expensive and not too time consuming. The main lesson I learnt from it is the way to design protocols that enable to obtain robust results. While I was impressed by your efforts to make the protocol and the explanations as clear as possible, I think the method used to process and analyse data should be more explained. In addition, it allowed me to learn how to use a plate reader, a tool that I had never used before and that I needed to use in the framework of our iGEM project.”