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#menu ul{ margin: auto; padding:0; list-style:none; width:770px;} | #menu ul{ margin: auto; padding:0; list-style:none; width:770px;} | ||
− | #menu ul li{ height: | + | #menu ul li{ height:110px; line-height:55px; margin-left: 2px; margin-bottom: 2px; border-right:3px solid #666; border-bottom:2.8px solid #666; border-top:1.5px solid #666; border-left:1px solid #666; text-align:center; float:left; width:122px; color:#F90;} |
#menu ul li a{ color:#003; text-decoration:none; display:block; | #menu ul li a{ color:#003; text-decoration:none; display:block; | ||
− | width:123px; height: | + | width:123px; height:110px;} |
#menu ul li a:hover{ | #menu ul li a:hover{ | ||
background-color: #999; | background-color: #999; | ||
color: #FFF; | color: #FFF; | ||
width: 124px; | width: 124px; | ||
− | height: | + | height: 110px; |
font-family:Verdana, Geneva, sans-serif;} | font-family:Verdana, Geneva, sans-serif;} | ||
− | #menu ul li ul{ display:none; width:124px; z-index:3;} | + | #menu ul li ul{ display:none; width:124px; z-index:3;height: 42px;} |
#menu ul li.listshow ul{ display:block;} | #menu ul li.listshow ul{ display:block;} | ||
#menu ul li ul li{ | #menu ul li ul li{ | ||
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width: 122px; | width: 122px; | ||
margin: 0; | margin: 0; | ||
+ | height: 42px; | ||
} | } | ||
− | #menu ul li ul li a{ background:none; width:124px;} | + | #menu ul li ul li a{ background:none; width:124px;height: 42px;} |
− | #menu ul li ul li a:hover{ background::#006; color:#FFFFFF; width:124px; height: | + | #menu ul li ul li a:hover{ background::#006; color:#FFFFFF; width:124px; height:42px; font-family:Verdana, Geneva, sans-serif;} |
#menu ul li a#on{ background:none;} | #menu ul li a#on{ background:none;} | ||
.clear{clear:both;} | .clear{clear:both;} | ||
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.f-b{position:absolute; top:-50px;} | .f-b{position:absolute; top:-50px;} | ||
.word-background-block{ width:100%; | .word-background-block{ width:100%; | ||
+ | float:left;} | ||
+ | .word-1{ width:100%; | ||
float:left;} | float:left;} | ||
.word-2{ width:50%; | .word-2{ width:50%; | ||
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.word-3{ width:33%; | .word-3{ width:33%; | ||
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.word{ width:90%; | .word{ width:90%; | ||
float:left; | float:left; | ||
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background-color:rgba(0,51,204,0.4); | background-color:rgba(0,51,204,0.4); | ||
padding:5%;} | padding:5%;} | ||
− | -->just for | + | -->just for background |
− | + | #definition{ position:relative; } | |
− | # | + | #method{position:relative; |
− | # | + | alignment-adjust:central;} |
− | # | + | #choose{ position:relative;} |
− | # | + | #principle{ position:relative;} |
+ | #whole{ position:relative;} | ||
.header{z-index:2;} | .header{z-index:2;} | ||
− | + | .word h3 { | |
− | + | color: #06F; | |
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font-family: "Comic Sans MS", cursive; | font-family: "Comic Sans MS", cursive; | ||
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</style> | </style> | ||
<script type="text/javascript" src="https://2018.igem.org/Team:Nanjing-China/Javascript:1?action=raw&ctype=text/javascript"></script> | <script type="text/javascript" src="https://2018.igem.org/Team:Nanjing-China/Javascript:1?action=raw&ctype=text/javascript"></script> | ||
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<script type="text/javascript"> | <script type="text/javascript"> | ||
function menuFix(){ | function menuFix(){ | ||
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<div id="HOME"> | <div id="HOME"> | ||
<div class="sub"> | <div class="sub"> | ||
− | <ul><li><a href="https://2018.igem.org/Team:Nanjing-China | + | <ul><li><a href="https://2018.igem.org/Team:Nanjing-China">Introduction</a></li></ul></div> |
<div class="sub"> | <div class="sub"> | ||
− | <ul><li><a href="https://2018.igem.org/Team:Nanjing-China/ | + | <ul><li><a href="https://2018.igem.org/Team:Nanjing-China/Background">Background</a></ul></li></div> |
<ul> | <ul> | ||
− | <li><a href="# | + | <li><a href="#definition">definition</a></li> |
− | <li><a href="# | + | <li><a href="#method">method</a></li> |
− | + | <li><a href="#choose">choose</a></li> | |
− | + | <li><a href="#principle">principle</a></li> | |
− | + | <li><a href="#whole">whole</a></li> | |
− | + | </ul> | |
</div> | </div> | ||
</div> | </div> | ||
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<ul> | <ul> | ||
− | <li><a href="https://2018.igem.org/Team:Nanjing-China">HOME</a> | + | <li><a href="https://2018.igem.org/Team:Nanjing-China" ><img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2018/f/f3/T--Nanjing-China--title-1-1.png" width="100%" >HOME</a> |
<ul> | <ul> | ||
<li><a href="https://2018.igem.org/Team:Nanjing-China">Introduction</a></li> | <li><a href="https://2018.igem.org/Team:Nanjing-China">Introduction</a></li> | ||
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</ul> | </ul> | ||
</li> | </li> | ||
− | <li><a href="https://2017.igem.org/Team:Nanjing-China/Parts">PARTS</a> | + | <li><a href="https://2017.igem.org/Team:Nanjing-China/Parts"><img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2018/f/f3/T--Nanjing-China--title-1-1.png" width="100%" >PARTS</a> |
<ul> | <ul> | ||
<li><a href="https://2018.igem.org/Team:Nanjing-China/Basic_Part">Basic_Part</a></li> | <li><a href="https://2018.igem.org/Team:Nanjing-China/Basic_Part">Basic_Part</a></li> | ||
Line 457: | Line 234: | ||
</ul> | </ul> | ||
</li> | </li> | ||
− | <li><a href="https://2018.igem.org/Team:Nanjing-China/Sliver">JUDGE</a> | + | <li><a href="https://2018.igem.org/Team:Nanjing-China/Sliver" ><img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2018/f/f3/T--Nanjing-China--title-1-1.png" width="100%" >JUDGE</a> |
<ul> | <ul> | ||
<li><a href="https://2018.igem.org/Team:Nanjing-China/Bronze">Bronze</a></li> | <li><a href="https://2018.igem.org/Team:Nanjing-China/Bronze">Bronze</a></li> | ||
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</ul> | </ul> | ||
</li> | </li> | ||
− | <li><a href="https://2018.igem.org/Team:Nanjing-China/Design">PROJECT</a> | + | <li><a href="https://2018.igem.org/Team:Nanjing-China/Design"><img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2018/f/f3/T--Nanjing-China--title-1-1.png" width="100%" >PROJECT</a> |
<ul> | <ul> | ||
<li><a href="https://2018.igem.org/Team:Nanjing-China/Design">Design</a></li> | <li><a href="https://2018.igem.org/Team:Nanjing-China/Design">Design</a></li> | ||
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</ul> | </ul> | ||
</li> | </li> | ||
− | <li><a href="https://2018.igem.org/Team:Nanjing-China/Team">TEAM</a> | + | <li><a href="https://2018.igem.org/Team:Nanjing-China/Team" ><img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2018/f/f3/T--Nanjing-China--title-1-1.png" width="100%" >TEAM</a> |
<ul> | <ul> | ||
<li><a href="https://2018.igem.org/Team:Nanjing-China/Team">Introduction</a></li> | <li><a href="https://2018.igem.org/Team:Nanjing-China/Team">Introduction</a></li> | ||
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</ul> | </ul> | ||
</li> | </li> | ||
− | <li><a href="https://2018.igem.org/Team:Nanjing-China/Human_Practices">OTHERS</a> | + | <li><a href="https://2018.igem.org/Team:Nanjing-China/Human_Practices"><img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2018/f/f3/T--Nanjing-China--title-1-1.png" width="100%" >OTHERS</a> |
<ul> | <ul> | ||
<li><a href="https://2018.igem.org/Team:Nanjing-China/Human_Practices">HP</a></li> | <li><a href="https://2018.igem.org/Team:Nanjing-China/Human_Practices">HP</a></li> | ||
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</div> | </div> | ||
<div class="header"><img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2018/f/f3/T--Nanjing-China--title-1-1.png" width="100%" > | <div class="header"><img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2018/f/f3/T--Nanjing-China--title-1-1.png" width="100%" > | ||
− | </div> | + | </div> |
− | + | <div class="contain"> | |
− | + | <div style="z-index:3; position:relative; top:-40px;"><img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2017/e/e6/T-Nanjing-China-WIKIbackground-1.png" width="40%" /></div> | |
− | + | <div id="definition"> | |
− | + | <div class="word"> | |
− | + | <h2>The definition of nitrogen fixation</h2> | |
− | + | <div class="word-2"> | |
− | + | <h3>•What is nitrogen fixation?</h3> | |
− | + | <p align="left"><font color="#FF9900"> Nitrogen → ammonia (NH<sub>3</sub>)</font> or other molecules available to living organisms. </p> | |
− | + | <div><img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2018/1/17/T--Nanjing-China--i-background-1.png" width="80%" /></div> | |
− | + | </div> | |
− | + | <div class="word-2"> | |
− | + | <div><img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2018/2/2a/T--Nanjing-China--i-background-2.png" width="50%" /></div> | |
− | + | <h2>What is nitrogen fixation for?</h2> | |
− | + | <p align="left"> <font color="#339900">-global food supply <br/> | |
− | + | -reduce the use of chemical nitrogen fertilizers </font> </p> | |
− | + | </div> | |
− | + | <div class="word-1"><div class="word-background-block" style="width:100%;"> </div> | |
− | + | <h4>Nitrogen fixation is essential for life. </h4> | |
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</div> | </div> | ||
− | <div | + | </div> |
− | + | </div> | |
− | <div id=" | + | <div id="method"> |
− | + | <div class="word"> | |
− | + | <h2>The methods of nitrogem fixation</h2> | |
− | + | <div class="word-2"><img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2018/9/9c/T--Nanjing-China--i-background-3.gif" width="80%" /></div> | |
− | + | <div class="word-2"> | |
− | + | <h3>Nitrogen cycle</h3> | |
− | + | <p align="left"><font color="#FF6600">•Nitrogen fixation:</font><br/> | |
− | + | —N<sub>2 </sub>→ plants by bacteria<br/> | |
− | + | <font color="#FF6600">•Nitrification:</font><br/> | |
− | + | —ammonium → nitrite → nitrate<br/> | |
− | + | —Absorbed by plants<br/> | |
− | + | <font color="#FF6600">•Denitrification:</font><br/> | |
− | + | —Release N to atmosphere</p> | |
− | + | <div class="word-background-block" style="height:180px"></div> | |
− | + | </div> | |
− | + | </div> | |
− | + | <div class="word"> | |
− | + | <div class="word-2"> | |
− | + | <div class="word-background-block" style="height:80px; width:100%;"></div> | |
− | + | <h3>Haber-Bosch process </h3> | |
− | + | <p align="left"><font color="#FF6600">N2 + 3H<sub>2</sub> → 2NH<sub>3</sub></font>(ΔH° = −91.8 kJ)<br/> | |
− | + | <font color="#FF6600">High temperature<br/> | |
− | + | High pressure<br /> | |
− | + | Need too much energy<br /></font><br/> | |
− | + | </p> | |
− | + | </div> | |
− | + | <div class="word-2"><img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2018/9/9c/T--Nanjing-China--i-background-4.gif" width="80%" /></div> | |
− | + | </div> | |
− | + | <div class="word"> | |
− | + | <div class="word-background-block"></div> | |
− | + | <h3>Biological nitrogen fixation</h3> | |
− | + | <div class="word-2" style="width:60%"><img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2018/2/20/T--Nanjing-China--i-background-5.png" width="90%" /></div> | |
− | + | <div class="word-2" style="width:40%" align="left"> | |
− | + | <p><font color="#CC66FF">Mild reaction conditions</font></p> | |
− | + | <p><font color="#0033CC">Relatively inexpensive</font></p> | |
− | + | <p><font color="#996600">High efficiency </font></p> | |
− | + | <p><font color="#0099FF">Environmentally friendly</font></p> | |
− | + | <div class="word-background-block"></div> | |
− | + | ||
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</div> | </div> | ||
+ | </div> | ||
+ | </div> | ||
+ | <div id="choose"> | ||
+ | <div class="word-background-block"></div> | ||
+ | <h2>The choose of nitrogenase</h2> | ||
+ | <div class="word"> | ||
+ | <div class="word-3"><img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2018/f/f5/T--Nanjing-China--i-background-6.png" width="90%" /> | ||
+ | <p>Molybdenum <br />(MoFe)-dependent</p></div> | ||
+ | <div class="word-3"><img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2018/a/a9/T--Nanjing-China--i-background-7.png" width="90%" /> | ||
+ | <p>Vanadium <br />(VFe)-dependent</p></div> | ||
+ | <div class="word-3" ><img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2018/f/f0/T--Nanjing-China--i-background-8.png" width="85%" /> | ||
+ | <p>Iron-only <br />(FeFe)-dependent</p></div> | ||
+ | </div> | ||
+ | <div class="word"> | ||
+ | <div class="word-background-block"></div><h4>MoFe has been studied extensively</h4> | ||
+ | </div> | ||
+ | <div class="word"> | ||
+ | <div class="word-background-block"></div><h3>Nitrogen Fixation Gene Cluster </h3> | ||
+ | <img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2018/d/d5/T--Nanjing-China--i-background-9.png" width="85%" /> | ||
+ | <h4>The minimal nif genes required for nitrogen fixation.</h4> | ||
+ | </div> | ||
+ | </div> | ||
+ | <div id="principle"> | ||
+ | <div class="word"> | ||
+ | <h2>General principle of biological nitrogen fixation </h2> | ||
+ | <table width="95%" border="1" cellspacing="1" cellpadding="1"> | ||
+ | <tr> | ||
+ | <td rowspan="2"><font color="#0033CC">01 Hydrolysis of ATP</font></td> | ||
+ | <td width="65%"> </td> | ||
+ | <td rowspan="2"><font color="#0099FF">03 MoFe protein forming complexes with low-potential donor</font></td> | ||
+ | </tr> | ||
+ | <tr> | ||
+ | <td><img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2018/2/22/T--Nanjing-China--i-background-10.png" width="100%"/><p align="center">Chemical energy (ATP)→Solar energy</p></td> | ||
+ | </tr> | ||
+ | <tr> | ||
+ | <td><font color="#CCCC00">02 Electron transfer </font></td> | ||
+ | <td width="65%"> </td> | ||
+ | <td><font color="#CC00FF">04 Reduce N2 to NH3 </font></td> | ||
+ | </tr> | ||
+ | </table> | ||
</div> | </div> | ||
− | + | <div class="word"> | |
− | + | <div class="word-background-block"></div> | |
− | + | <table width="95%" border="1" cellspacing="1" cellpadding="1"> | |
− | + | <tr> | |
− | + | <td rowspan="2"><font color="#0033CC">01 Receive light signals</font></td> | |
− | + | <td width="65%" > </td> | |
− | + | <td rowspan="2"><font color="#0099FF">03 MoFe protein forming complexes with low-potential donor</font></td> | |
− | + | </tr> | |
− | + | <tr> | |
− | + | <td ><img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2018/e/e3/T--Nanjing-China--i-background-11.png" width="100%" top="20px"/></td> | |
− | + | </tr> | |
− | + | <tr> | |
− | + | <td><font color="#CCCC00">02 Electron transfer </font></td> | |
− | + | <td width="65%" > </td> | |
− | + | <td><font color="#CC00FF">04 Reduce N2 to NH3 </font></td> | |
− | + | </tr> | |
− | + | </table> | |
− | + | </div> | |
− | + | </div> | |
− | + | <div id="whole"> | |
− | + | <div class="word"> | |
− | + | <h2>The characteristics of whole-cell</h2> | |
− | + | <p><font size="110%" color="#CC6633">The property and advantage of whole-cells</font></p> | |
− | + | <p>•Fast proliferation to enable large-scale application<br /> | |
− | + | •Good portability to permit on-site monitoring<br /> | |
− | + | •Inexpensive and easy to preserve<br /> | |
− | + | • Intracellular cascade reactions to amplify signals<br/> | |
− | + | • Excellent specificity, sensitivity and stability</p> | |
− | + | </div> | |
− | + | </div> | |
− | + | </div> | |
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Revision as of 07:05, 15 April 2018
The definition of nitrogen fixation
•What is nitrogen fixation?
Nitrogen → ammonia (NH3) or other molecules available to living organisms.
What is nitrogen fixation for?
-global food supply
-reduce the use of chemical nitrogen fertilizers
Nitrogen fixation is essential for life.
The methods of nitrogem fixation
Nitrogen cycle
•Nitrogen fixation:
—N2 → plants by bacteria
•Nitrification:
—ammonium → nitrite → nitrate
—Absorbed by plants
•Denitrification:
—Release N to atmosphere
Haber-Bosch process
N2 + 3H2 → 2NH3(ΔH° = −91.8 kJ)
High temperature
High pressure
Need too much energy
Biological nitrogen fixation
Mild reaction conditions
Relatively inexpensive
High efficiency
Environmentally friendly
The choose of nitrogenase
Molybdenum
(MoFe)-dependent
Vanadium
(VFe)-dependent
Iron-only
(FeFe)-dependent
MoFe has been studied extensively
Nitrogen Fixation Gene Cluster
The minimal nif genes required for nitrogen fixation.
General principle of biological nitrogen fixation
01 Hydrolysis of ATP | 03 MoFe protein forming complexes with low-potential donor | |
Chemical energy (ATP)→Solar energy |
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02 Electron transfer | 04 Reduce N2 to NH3 |
01 Receive light signals | 03 MoFe protein forming complexes with low-potential donor | |
02 Electron transfer | 04 Reduce N2 to NH3 |
The characteristics of whole-cell
The property and advantage of whole-cells
•Fast proliferation to enable large-scale application
•Good portability to permit on-site monitoring
•Inexpensive and easy to preserve
• Intracellular cascade reactions to amplify signals
• Excellent specificity, sensitivity and stability