Difference between revisions of "Team:CCU Taiwan/Description"

 
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<body>
 
<body>
 
   <header>
 
   <header>
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         <nav class="navbar navbar-default navbar-inverse navbar-fixed-top">
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         <nav>
 
             <div class="container">
 
             <div class="container">
 
                 <ul class="front">
 
                 <ul class="front">
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'https://2018.igem.org/Team:CCU_Taiwan';"> <img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2018/0/08/T--CCU_Taiwan--home_button.png"></img></div>
 
'https://2018.igem.org/Team:CCU_Taiwan';"> <img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2018/0/08/T--CCU_Taiwan--home_button.png"></img></div>
  
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                     <li class="title" style="cursor:pointer;" id="Home"><img class="img_title" src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2018/2/24/T--CCU_Taiwan--aboutus.png"></img><a>About Us</a><hr>
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                     <li class="title" style="cursor:pointer;" id="Home"><img class="img_title" src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2018/2/24/T--CCU_Taiwan--aboutus.png"></img><a>About Us</a>
 
                         <ul class="sub" id="sub_home" style="cursor:default;">
 
                         <ul class="sub" id="sub_home" style="cursor:default;">
 
                             <a href="https://2018.igem.org/Team:CCU_Taiwan/Team"><li class="list" id="home1">Team</li></a>
 
                             <a href="https://2018.igem.org/Team:CCU_Taiwan/Team"><li class="list" id="home1">Team</li></a>
 
<a href="https://2018.igem.org/Team:CCU_Taiwan/Attributions"><li class="list" id="home2">Attributions</li></a>
 
<a href="https://2018.igem.org/Team:CCU_Taiwan/Attributions"><li class="list" id="home2">Attributions</li></a>
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<a href="https://2018.igem.org/Team:CCU_Taiwan/Medal"><li class="list" id="home2">Medals</li></a>
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<a href="https://2018.igem.org/Team:CCU_Taiwan/Medal"><li class="list" id="home3">Medals</li></a>
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<a href="https://2018.igem.org/Team:CCU_Taiwan/Judge"><li class="list" id="home3">For Judges</li></a>
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<a href="https://2018.igem.org/Team:CCU_Taiwan/Judge"><li class="list" id="home4">For Judges</li></a>
 +
<a href="https://2018.igem.org/Team:CCU_Taiwan/Achievements"><li class="list" id="home5">Achievements</li></a>
 
                         </ul>
 
                         </ul>
 
                     </li>
 
                     </li>
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                     <li class="title" style="cursor:pointer;" id="Project"><img class="img_title" src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2018/6/6f/T--CCU_Taiwan--project.png"></img><a>Project</a><hr>
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                     <li class="title" style="cursor:pointer;" id="Project"><img class="img_title" src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2018/6/6f/T--CCU_Taiwan--project.png"></img><a>Project</a>
 
<ul class="sub" id="sub_project" style="cursor:default;">
 
<ul class="sub" id="sub_project" style="cursor:default;">
 
    <a href="https://2018.igem.org/Team:CCU_Taiwan/Description"><li class="list" id="project1">Description</li></a>
 
    <a href="https://2018.igem.org/Team:CCU_Taiwan/Description"><li class="list" id="project1">Description</li></a>
 
<a href="https://2018.igem.org/Team:CCU_Taiwan/Applied_Design"><li class="list" id="project2">Design</li></a>
 
<a href="https://2018.igem.org/Team:CCU_Taiwan/Applied_Design"><li class="list" id="project2">Design</li></a>
 
<a href="https://2018.igem.org/Team:CCU_Taiwan/Results"><li class="list" id="project3">Results</li></a>
 
<a href="https://2018.igem.org/Team:CCU_Taiwan/Results"><li class="list" id="project3">Results</li></a>
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<a href="https://2018.igem.org/Team:CCU_Taiwan/Demonstrate"><li class="list" id="project6">Demonstration</li></a>
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<a href="https://2018.igem.org/Team:CCU_Taiwan/Demonstrate"><li class="list" id="project4">Demonstration</li></a>
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<a href="https://2018.igem.org/Team:CCU_Taiwan/InterLab "><li class="list" id="project5">InterLab</li></a>
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<a href="https://2018.igem.org/Team:CCU_Taiwan/InterLab"><li class="list" id="project5">InterLab</li></a>
 
</ul>
 
</ul>
 
</li>
 
</li>
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                     <li class="title" style="cursor:pointer;" id="Parts"><img class="img_title" src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2018/1/17/T--CCU_Taiwan--part.png"></img><a>Parts</a><hr>
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                     <li class="title" style="cursor:pointer;" id="Parts"><img class="img_title" src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2018/1/17/T--CCU_Taiwan--part.png"></img><a>Parts</a>
 
                         <ul class="sub" id="sub_parts" style="cursor:default;">
 
                         <ul class="sub" id="sub_parts" style="cursor:default;">
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    <a href="https://2018.igem.org/Team:CCU_Taiwan/Parts"><li class="list" id="parts1">Overview</li></a>
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<a href="https://2018.igem.org/Team:CCU_Taiwan/Parts"><li class="list" id="parts1">Overview</li></a>
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<a href="https://2018.igem.org/Team:CCU_Taiwan/Basic_Part"><li class="list" id="parts2">Basic Part</li></a>
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<a href="https://2018.igem.org/Team:CCU_Taiwan/Basic_Part"><li class="list" id="parts1">Basic Part</li></a>
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<a href="https://2018.igem.org/Team:CCU_Taiwan/Composite_Part"><li class="list" id="parts3">Composite Part</li></a>
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<a href="https://2018.igem.org/Team:CCU_Taiwan/Composite_Part"><li class="list" id="parts2">Composite Part</li></a>
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<a href="https://2018.igem.org/Team:CCU_Taiwan/Improve"><li class="list" id="parts4">Improved Part</li></a>
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                         </ul>
 
                         </ul>
 
                     </li>
 
                     </li>
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                     <li class="title" style="cursor:pointer;" id="Modeling"><img class="img_title" src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2018/0/09/T--CCU_Taiwan--model.png"></img><a>Modeling</a><hr>
+
                     <li class="title" style="cursor:pointer;" id="Modeling"><img class="img_title" src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2018/0/09/T--CCU_Taiwan--model.png"></img><a>Modeling</a>
 
                         <ul class="sub" id="sub_modeling" style="cursor:default;">
 
                         <ul class="sub" id="sub_modeling" style="cursor:default;">
 
                             <a href="https://2018.igem.org/Team:CCU_Taiwan/Model"><li class="list" id="model1">Overview</li></a>
 
                             <a href="https://2018.igem.org/Team:CCU_Taiwan/Model"><li class="list" id="model1">Overview</li></a>
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                             <a href="https://2018.igem.org/Team:CCU_Taiwan/Binding"><li class="list" id="model2">Binding</li></a>
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                             <a href="https://2018.igem.org/Team:CCU_Taiwan/Binding"><li class="list" id="model2">Binding Model</li></a>
−
<a href="https://2018.igem.org/Team:CCU_Taiwan/Polymer"><li class="list" id="model4">Polymer</li></a>
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<a href="https://2018.igem.org/Team:CCU_Taiwan/Polymer"><li class="list" id="model3">Polymer Model</li></a>
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<a href="https://2018.igem.org/Team:CCU_Taiwan/Degradation"><li class="list" id="model3">Degradation</li></a>
+
 
                         </ul>
 
                         </ul>
 
                     </li>
 
                     </li>
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                     <li class="title" style="cursor:pointer;" id="Drylab"><img class="img_title" src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2018/f/fc/T--CCU_Taiwan--Dry_lab.png"></img><a>Product</a><hr>
+
                     <li class="title" style="cursor:pointer;" id="Drylab"><img class="img_title" src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2018/f/fc/T--CCU_Taiwan--Dry_lab.png"></img><a>Product</a>
 
                         <ul class="sub" id="sub_drylab" style="cursor:default;">
 
                         <ul class="sub" id="sub_drylab" style="cursor:default;">
 
                             <a href="https://2018.igem.org/Team:CCU_Taiwan/Our_Plan"><li class="list" id="drylab1">Analysis</li></a>
 
                             <a href="https://2018.igem.org/Team:CCU_Taiwan/Our_Plan"><li class="list" id="drylab1">Analysis</li></a>
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                         </ul>
 
                         </ul>
 
                     </li>
 
                     </li>
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    <li class="title" style="cursor:pointer;" id="Human_Practice"><img class="img_title" src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2018/9/96/T--CCU_Taiwan--humanpractice.png"></img><a>HP</a><hr>
+
    <li class="title" style="cursor:pointer;" id="Human_Practice"><img class="img_title" src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2018/9/96/T--CCU_Taiwan--humanpractice.png"></img><a>HP</a>
 
                         <ul class="sub" id="sub_human_practice" style="cursor:default;">
 
                         <ul class="sub" id="sub_human_practice" style="cursor:default;">
−
                             <a href="https://2018.igem.org/Team:CCU_Taiwan/Human_Practices"><li class="list" id="human_practice1">Overview</li></a>
+
                             <a href="https://2018.igem.org/Team:CCU_Taiwan/Human_Practices"><li class="list" id="human_practice1">Human Practice</li></a>
 
<a href="https://2018.igem.org/Team:CCU_Taiwan/Public_Engagement"><li class="list" id="human_practice2">Public Engagement</li></a>
 
<a href="https://2018.igem.org/Team:CCU_Taiwan/Public_Engagement"><li class="list" id="human_practice2">Public Engagement</li></a>
 
<a href="https://2018.igem.org/Team:CCU_Taiwan/Entrepreneurship"><li class="list" id="human_practice3">Entrepreneurship</li></a>
 
<a href="https://2018.igem.org/Team:CCU_Taiwan/Entrepreneurship"><li class="list" id="human_practice3">Entrepreneurship</li></a>
−
<a href="https://2018.igem.org/Team:CCU_Taiwan/Intergrate"><li class="list" id="human_practice4">Intergrated HP</li></a>
+
<a href="https://2018.igem.org/Team:CCU_Taiwan/engaging_experts"><li class="list" id="human_practice4">Engaging Experts</li></a>
 +
<a href="https://2018.igem.org/Team:CCU_Taiwan/Integrate"><li class="list" id="human_practice5">Integrated HP</li></a>
 
                         </ul>
 
                         </ul>
 
                     </li>
 
                     </li>
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                             <a href="https://2018.igem.org/Team:CCU_Taiwan/Notebook"><li class="list" id="notebook1">Overview</li></a>
 
                             <a href="https://2018.igem.org/Team:CCU_Taiwan/Notebook"><li class="list" id="notebook1">Overview</li></a>
 
<a href="https://2018.igem.org/Team:CCU_Taiwan/Collaborations"><li class="list" id="notebook2">Collaborations</li></a>
 
<a href="https://2018.igem.org/Team:CCU_Taiwan/Collaborations"><li class="list" id="notebook2">Collaborations</li></a>
−
<a href="https://2018.igem.org/Team:CCU_Taiwan/Protocols"><li class="list" id="notebook2">Protocols</li></a>
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<a href="https://2018.igem.org/Team:CCU_Taiwan/Protocols"><li class="list" id="notebook3">Protocols</li></a>
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<a href="https://2018.igem.org/Team:CCU_Taiwan/Experiments"><li class="list" id="notebook3">Experiments</li></a>
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<a href="https://2018.igem.org/Team:CCU_Taiwan/Experiments"><li class="list" id="notebook4">Experiments</li></a>
−
<a href="https://2018.igem.org/Team:CCU_Taiwan/Materials"><li class="list" id="notebook4">Materials</li></a>
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<a href="https://2018.igem.org/Team:CCU_Taiwan/Materials"><li class="list" id="notebook5">Materials</li></a>
 
                         </ul>
 
                         </ul>
 
                     </li>
 
                     </li>
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     </header>
 
     </header>
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<div class="backgroundProject">
 
<div class="backgroundProject">
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<div class="photoDescription"></div>
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<div class="indicator">
 +
 
 +
<div class="pointerProject" id="2"><a href="#ca1">Yeast transformation</a></div>
 +
<div class="pointerProject" id="3"><a href="#ca2">Enzyme production</a></div>
 +
<div class="pointerProject" id="4"><a href="#ca3">Monolignol polymerization</a></div>
 +
<div class="pointerProject" id="5"><a href="#ca4">Human practice</a></div>
 +
 
 +
</div>
 +
<div class="photoDescription"><h1 class="bigtitle">DESCRIPTION<h1></div>
 
       <div class="content">
 
       <div class="content">
−
<p class="first">Description</p>
+
            <br><p class="description">&emsp;&emsp;Our product, “LIGGREEN” is a new material that can laminate on paper cups to replace current paper cup laminated with petrochemical materials such as polypropylene and polyethylene. LIGGREEN is a lignin-like polymer. Cups laminated with LIGGREEN is supposed to be waterproof, heat-resistant and eco-friendly.
−
            <p class="description">&emsp;&emsp;We are aiming to create a new material that will be used in paper cup coating, which is eco -friendly and similar to lignin, we call this kind of film “LIGGREEN “. We hope that cups coating with LIGGREEN are waterproof and heat-resistant; furthermore, they can be naturally decomposed. It is a breakthrough attempt for the current paper cup coating and hopes to replace petrochemical materials such as Polypropylene and Polyethylene.
+
−
<br><br>
+
−
&emsp;&emsp;LIGGREEN, which is similar to natural lignin found in most of the plants, is a polymer mainly composed of monolignol like lignin. Monolignols can go through polymerization by adding two enzymes—peroxidase and laccase. Therefore, we aim to modify the yeast to produce these two enzymes. These enzymes react with monolignols and synthesize LIGGREEN
+
−
<br><br>
+
−
&emsp;&emsp;Monolignols we chose, which are extracted from black liquor and react with our enzymes to form LIGGREEN. Then, we observe lignin’s properties and adjust it to fit lamination paper industry. With LIGGREEN, everyone will be able to enjoy the convenience without polluting the Mother Earth.
+
−
<br><br>
+
−
There are four parts below which are the most important for our project:
+
−
<br><br>
+
−
</p>
+
−
<p class="second">
+
−
<p class="description">1. P.Pastoris transform</p>
+
−
<p class="description">
+
−
&emsp;&emsp;In lignin synthesis, monomers react mainly with two enzymes, peroxidase and laccase. Then, we decided to synthesize these enzymes through synthetic biology. But we have a lot of problems from production. These are mainly about the systematic differences between Prokaryotes and Eukaryotes. Finally, we choose P.pastoris as our strain. Because P. pastoris is a high expression engineering strain, many studies have shown that P. pastoris can secrete enzymes of plant. Then the most important point is that it can modify the N-link glycosylation of our enzymes.
+
−
</p>
+
−
<p class="description">2. Enzyme production</p>
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−
<p class="description">
+
−
&emsp;&emsp;We mainly produce three enzymes, Lac1, Px16 and Px18. In gene design, we added three different tags and α-factor to help our production. Due to three different tags, we can accurately distinguish three enzymes in western blot. Then, adding the exocrine gene, α-factor, is for making a more faster production . In order to increase the value of the production line, our enzymes are not removed by cell rupture. It is also more convenient for protein purification.
+
−
</p>
+
−
<p class="description">3. Monolignol polymerization</p>
+
−
<p class="description">
+
−
&emsp;&emsp;In the polymerization, the monomer mainly bonds by three enzymes. At present, we are based on the bonding of monolignol G. Between the monolignol and these enzymes, there are three types of bonds , β-β, β-O-4 and β-5. In plants, monolignol G are also polymerized with these bonds. Through the biological specificity of the enzyme, we speculate that our products have a certain relationship with lignin.
+
−
</p>
+
−
<p class="description">4. Business model</p>
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−
<p class="description">
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−
&emsp;&emsp;Besides analyzing survey we had spread, we also consulted enterprises and professors about building business model, including key partners , channels, cost and revenues, etc., which would make our product be more completable for our customers.
+
−
</p>
+
−
</li>
+
−
</ol>
+
 
</p>
 
</p>
 +
      <div class="structuregraph">
 +
        <img id="arrow2" src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2018/a/aa/T--CCU_Taiwan--CCUDescriptionpage4.png" width="100%">
 +
          <div class="transform">
 +
            <p class="first"  id="ca1">Yeast transformation</p>
 +
            <p class="description">&emsp;&emsp;In liginin synthesis, monolignols react with two enzymes, peroxidase and laccase. LIGGREEN, is modelled on <I>Picea abies</I>, which is the most common species used in forestry and possess high content of coniferyl alcohol (G), which is the cheapest monolignol so that it can cost down our product. <br>&emsp;&emsp;We selected peroxidase gene Px16 and Px18 from <I>Picea abies</I>, laccase gene from <I>Pinus taeda</I>.
 +
<I>Pinus taeda</I> and <I>Picea abies</I> are both gymnosperms and have similar ratio of monolignols. Moreover, the reason why we choose laccase from <I>Pinus taed</I>a since it has highest reaction activity at pH 5.0 which is corresponded with peroxidase react with monolignol <I>in vivo</I>. </p>
 +
          </div>
 +
 +
          <div class="Enzyme">
 +
            <p class="first" id="ca2">Enzyme production</p>
 +
            <p class="description">&emsp;&emsp;We produce laccase and peroxidase by modified <I>Pichia pastoris (P. pastoris)</I> (strain: SMD1168). There are three main reasons why we select <I>P. pastoris</I> as our host to produce these two enzymes. <br>&emsp;&emsp;First and foremost, laccase and peroxidase are types of glycoprotein that required N-link glycosylation to modify our enzymes, so eukaryotes are more fit than prokaryotes. Second, many researches have applied <I>P. pastoris</I> to secrete plant enzymes, such as HRP. Last but not least, <I>P. pastoris</I> can yield large quantity of protein, it is exactly beneficial for us to produce our product in a large scale. Moreover, we let <I>P. pastoris</I> secret the enzyme by adding a secretion peptide so that we do not need to disrupt the organism in order to decrease the consumables of the following production cost. </p>
 +
          </div>
 +
 +
          <div class="Polymer">
 +
            <p class="first" id="ca3">Monolignol polymerization</p>
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            <p class="description">&emsp;&emsp;With the help of laccase, monolignols can form dimers, which have three types of bonds: β-β, β-O-4 and β-5,or oligomers. After that, through reacting with peroxidase, they then start to polymerize, and lignin-like structure would be produced.</p>
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            <p class="first" id="ca4">Human practice</p>
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            <p class="description">&emsp;&emsp;We consulted enterprises and professors about building a business model, including key partners, channels, cost and revenues, etc., to make our product more acceptable for our customers.</p>
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Latest revision as of 08:45, 1 December 2018

DESCRIPTION


  Our product, “LIGGREEN” is a new material that can laminate on paper cups to replace current paper cup laminated with petrochemical materials such as polypropylene and polyethylene. LIGGREEN is a lignin-like polymer. Cups laminated with LIGGREEN is supposed to be waterproof, heat-resistant and eco-friendly.

Yeast transformation

  In liginin synthesis, monolignols react with two enzymes, peroxidase and laccase. LIGGREEN, is modelled on Picea abies, which is the most common species used in forestry and possess high content of coniferyl alcohol (G), which is the cheapest monolignol so that it can cost down our product.
  We selected peroxidase gene Px16 and Px18 from Picea abies, laccase gene from Pinus taeda. Pinus taeda and Picea abies are both gymnosperms and have similar ratio of monolignols. Moreover, the reason why we choose laccase from Pinus taeda since it has highest reaction activity at pH 5.0 which is corresponded with peroxidase react with monolignol in vivo.

Enzyme production

  We produce laccase and peroxidase by modified Pichia pastoris (P. pastoris) (strain: SMD1168). There are three main reasons why we select P. pastoris as our host to produce these two enzymes.
  First and foremost, laccase and peroxidase are types of glycoprotein that required N-link glycosylation to modify our enzymes, so eukaryotes are more fit than prokaryotes. Second, many researches have applied P. pastoris to secrete plant enzymes, such as HRP. Last but not least, P. pastoris can yield large quantity of protein, it is exactly beneficial for us to produce our product in a large scale. Moreover, we let P. pastoris secret the enzyme by adding a secretion peptide so that we do not need to disrupt the organism in order to decrease the consumables of the following production cost.

Monolignol polymerization

  With the help of laccase, monolignols can form dimers, which have three types of bonds: β-β, β-O-4 and β-5,or oligomers. After that, through reacting with peroxidase, they then start to polymerize, and lignin-like structure would be produced.

Human practice

  We consulted enterprises and professors about building a business model, including key partners, channels, cost and revenues, etc., to make our product more acceptable for our customers.