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| − | <h2 id="1" class="subtitle">ANDROGENETIC ALOPECIA</h2> | + | <h2 id="1" class="subtitle"></h2> |
| − | <p>Androgenetic alopecia (AGA), or commonly referred to as male-pattern baldness, is a type of hair-loss in a well-defined pattern that mostly occurs in men. In men, this specific hair loss pattern leads to the formation of an “M” shaped hairline, and gradually proceeds to partial or complete baldness, while women generally suffer thinning of hair . Symptoms of AGA may start from a young age, and the risk increases with age. The prevalence of AGA in men above 50 years old is higher than 50%, dependent of countries and regions.</p> | + | <p></p> |
| − | <img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2018/e/eb/T--NYMU-Taipei--des-hairloss-pattern.png">
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| − | <p>The current understanding of the mechanism underlying AGA shows that AGA is highly related to dihydrotestosterone (DHT). DHT is an androgen hormone formed from the catalyzation of testosterone via 5alpha-reductase. The androgen receptors in the dermal papilla (DP) cells would bind to DHT, and thereby upregulate the expression of dickkopf 1 (DKK-1). DKK-1 would in turn be released from DP to follicular epithelial cells . The low-density-lipoprotein-related protein 5/6 (LRP5/6) and Kremen protein on follicular epithelial cells then bind to the secreted DKK-1, resulting in the inhibition of Wnt/ß-catenin pathway. The inhibition of Wnt/ß-catenin pathway inhibits the growth of root sheath cells in hair follicles . This process eventually shortens the anagen phase of hair growth and causes miniaturization of the hair follicle, leading to hair loss.</p>
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| − | <img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2018/b/b6/T--NYMU-Taipei--aamechanism2.svg">
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