Difference between revisions of "Team:ZJUT-China/Attributions"

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    <h1> Project Descriptions </h1>
 
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    <h2>Background</h2>
 
 
     <p>
 
     <p>
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       Antibiotics has played an important role in safeguarding human health and promoting the development of animal husbandry for a long time. However, in recent years, the overuse of antibiotics has aroused widespread concern which mainly focuses on the emerging problems of antibiotic-resistant bacteria and resistance genes. Antibiotic and antibiotic resistance genes are new pollutants. Antibiotic does not accumulate in the body, and 70% - 80% of antibiotics will be discharged into the environment with urine. These different kinds of antibiotics have impact on microorganisms in the environment. Antibiotics give stress to microorganisms, and then they will be induced to generate resistance genes and even change into superbacteria. Resistance genes are also likely to spread and diffuse in the environment, which easily threatens public health, food and drinking water safety, thereby causing direct health hazards to our human beings.
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       Throughout the past ten months we have received tremendous support and encouragement from many people, including professors, our instructors and experts. We'd like to thank all those people who have helped us so that we can complete the project successfully.
 +
      This year we established a team in December and divided it into three groups for different works. During the winter vacation, some teachers in our college provided some lessons about safety training to help us creating better experiences. And we had a fascinating and intense brainstorm from January to March. At the same time, our work about human practice went on together. At the end of the March, we finally ensured our project and began to spare no effort to struggle for it.
 +
      All experiments were performed by members of this group. And all the presentation materials and Wiki were finished by all members of ZJUT-China.
 
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       Antibiotic resistance: Global Report on Surveillance released by the World Health Organization in 2014 shows that 63,000 people die each year from super-resistant bacteria in the United States and 25,000 in the European Union. The number of deaths caused by superbugs in the United States far exceeds that of HIV<sup>[1]</sup>.  If the global spread of superbacteria is not effectively curbed, the resulting death toll could increase by 10 million annually. To cope with the spread of superbug, the world needs to spend 100 trillion dollars by 2050 <sup>[2]</sup>. Therefore, it is necessary and urgent to carry out the related research on antibiotic resistance genes and reveal the diffusion and transmission of antibiotic resistance genes in the environment for assessing the ecological risk of antibiotic resistance genes.
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       <h2>PI</h2>
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    </p>
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      <p>★ Jun Ma ★
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    <p>
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      <br>★ Wenyu Lei ★
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       The horizontal transfer of antibiotic resistance genes is the main mode of transmission of resistance genes in the environment, and is one of the reasons for the increasingly serious environmental pollution of resistance genes. The horizontal transfer of resistance genes in the environment can occur between bacteria of the same species or different species, resulting in a large number of pathogenic bacteria producing drug resistance, and even triggering multiple drug resistance. So horizontal transfer is also the main cause of super bacteria, which poses a great threat to human health. Plasmids, integrons, and transposons in bacterium are important molecular propagation primitives for horizontal transfer of resistance genes. The main ways of horizontal transfer of resistance genes include three types that are conjugation, transduction, and transformation<sup>[3]</sup>, of which conjugation is the most important horizontal transfer mode. Through conjugation the plasmid DNA carrying the antibiotic resistance gene can not only complete the gene transfer between the same genus of bacteria, but also can transfer between different species of bacteria, even between bacteria and fungi. It leads to the widespread spread of resistance genes in the environment.
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      <br>★ Feng Cheng ★
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    </p>
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      </p>
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    <div class="img-10">
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       <h2>Instructors</h2>
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    <img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2018/2/23/T--ZJUT-China--Description1.png" alt="">
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      <p>
 +
        ★ Yuanshan Wang ★
 +
        <br>★ Jun Li ★
 +
        <br>★ Xiaoling Tang ★
 +
        <br>★ Jingyan Ge ★
 +
        <br>★ Dongchang Sun ★
 +
        <br>★ Zhiqiang Liu ★
 +
      </p>
 +
      <h2>General support</h2>
 
     </div>
 
     </div>
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    <div class="note">
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      <p>Our college had been provided help throughout the entire project including PIs, Instructors, advisors, laboratories, and financial support.
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    Fig.1 Molecular mechanisms of horizontal gene transfer in three main ways
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        <h2>Lab and modelling support</h2>
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      Existing treatment technologies can only deal with some of the genetic contaminants that have been diffused into the environment, but can not eliminate the source of pollution. Therefore, we expect to construct a controllable genetic engineered bacteria which has self-eliminating ability of resistant genes by using CRISSPR/Cas9. This molecular machine has high efficiency of gene editing and optical control system. We can use it to solve the problem of bacterial resistance from the origin and to provide a possible and effective way to solve resistant gene pollution and protect the ecological environment.
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        <p> ★ Professor Dongchang Sun ★ </p>
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    </p>
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        <p>He provided the team with laboratory support and experimental guidance.</p>
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    <div class="note1">
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        <p>★ Professor Jianhua Ying ★</p>
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      【1】World Health Organization. Antibiotic resistance: global report on surveillance 2014[R]. Geneva: World Health Organization, 2014.
+
        <p>He provided the team Laboratory safety training and urged us to obey laboratory safety regulations.</p>
−
    <br> 【2】O’Nell J (May 2016). Tackling drug-resistant infections globally: Final report and recommendations[R]. 2016
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        <p>★ Graduate student Xudan Mao ★</p>
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    <br> 【3】Y Fengxia, M Daqing, L yi, et al. Horizontal transfer of antibiotic resistance genes in the environment[J]. Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology, 2013, 24(10).
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        <p>She helped the design of sgRNA which targets to panD and provided us the strain containing plasmid pTargetF.</p>
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    </div>
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        <p>★ Former team leader Geyi Wang ★</p>
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    <br><br>
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        <p>She shared her experience about experiment and always gave advices to help us further project.</p>
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    <h2>CRISPR/Cas</h2>
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        <p>★ Director Wei Zhang of HuaDong Medicine Co.,LTD. ★</p>
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    <p>
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      </div>
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      CRISPR/Cas is the abbreviation of Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeats and CRISPR-associated protein 9. CRISPR/Cas system is the immune system of prokaryotic organism, when guided by gRNA, Cas protein can cut the target DNA and cause a double-strain break. Now this system has become an efficient, fast and accurate genome editing tool.
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        <p>She shared views about the problem that may be faced when put into use, which affects the direction of the modelling. Our modelling group decided to focus on solving the problems about energy, environment and cost.</p>
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    </p>
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      <div class="attributions">
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    <div class="img-10" ><img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2018/2/2c/T--ZJUT-China--description.png" alt="description1" width=600px></div>
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        <p>★ Professor Feng Cheng ★</p>
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    <div class="note">Picture origin: Wikipedia  Author: marius walter, 25 Sept. 2017)</div>
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        <p>He provided feasibility evaluation about modelling work and pointed out something we can improve on.</p>
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    <p>Basically, the CRISPR/Cas9 genome editing system needs two plasmids, one expresses Cas9 protein, the other provides sgRNA which is rea human-designed gRNA. Antibiotics resistance has become a global health issue. Till today, almost all of microbiology labs and fermentation factory use antibiotics resistance gene as selective marker. Our project creates a plasmid that include both Cas9 gene and sgRNA sequence. When induced by light of a certain wave length, it cuts the antibiotics resistance genes in the bacteria preventing them from leaking into the environment.</p>
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        <h2>Project advisor support</h2>
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    <div class="img-10" ><img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2018/3/31/T--ZJUT-China--logo1.png" width=600px></div>
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        <p>★ Academician Yinchu Shen ★</p>
 +
        <p>He made valuable observations on our project and encouraged deep exploration.</p>
 +
        <h2>Presentation coaching</h2>
 +
        <p>★ All of our PIs and Instructors ★</p>
 +
        <p>They provided advices when we were practicing the presentation.</p>
 +
        <h2>Human Practices support</h2>
 +
        <p>★ Director Fang of pharmacy department of Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital ★</p>
 +
        <p>She reminded us the fact that bacterial resistance is an urgent problem facing the world during an interview.</p>
 +
        <p>★ Professor Feng Cheng of Microbiology ★</p>
 +
        <p>He gave his opinions about how to solve the problem.</p>
 +
        <p>★ Teacher Wei Tang of Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences ★</p>
 +
      </div>
 +
        <p>He said that China does not have specific emission standards, policies, and laws for drug-resistant genes. He believes that if we can eliminate the resistance genes of engineered bacteria before discharge, then it is valuable to solve the problem of resistance gene contamination.</p>
 +
      <div class="attributions">
 +
        <p>★ Director Shengchen Xu of Zhejiang Environmental Protection Bureau ★</p>
 +
        <p>He thought our project will be supported by the government, which proves that the project is beneficial to the world and responsible to the public.</p>
 +
        <p>★ Director Wei Zhang of HuaDong Medicine Co.,LTD. ★</p>
 +
        <p>She shared views about the problem that may be faced when put into use, which affects the direction of the dry and wet groups.</p>
 +
        <p>★ Public ★</p>
 +
        <p>We would like to express our appreciation towards those who participated in our questionnaire survey.</p>
 +
        <h2>Acknowledgement</h2>
 +
      </div>
 +
        <p>Thanks and acknowledgements for all other people involved in helping make a successful iGEM team. Thank you for accompanying and supporting us all the time!
 +
        </p>
 +
      <div class="attributions">
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        <img src="https://static.igem.org/mediawiki/2018/f/fd/T--ZJUT-China--attribution.png" alt="">
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Revision as of 11:31, 17 October 2018

Team:ZJUT-China - 2018.igem.org

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Team:ZJUT-China

Home
Team
Team Members Attributions Collaborations
Project
Description Design Results Demonstrate
Parts
All parts Improve
Lab
Notebook Protocols Safety Interlab
Human Practices
Integrated hp Public Engagement
Modeling
Judging

Throughout the past ten months we have received tremendous support and encouragement from many people, including professors, our instructors and experts. We'd like to thank all those people who have helped us so that we can complete the project successfully. This year we established a team in December and divided it into three groups for different works. During the winter vacation, some teachers in our college provided some lessons about safety training to help us creating better experiences. And we had a fascinating and intense brainstorm from January to March. At the same time, our work about human practice went on together. At the end of the March, we finally ensured our project and began to spare no effort to struggle for it. All experiments were performed by members of this group. And all the presentation materials and Wiki were finished by all members of ZJUT-China.

PI

★ Jun Ma ★
★ Wenyu Lei ★
★ Feng Cheng ★

Instructors

★ Yuanshan Wang ★
★ Jun Li ★
★ Xiaoling Tang ★
★ Jingyan Ge ★
★ Dongchang Sun ★
★ Zhiqiang Liu ★

General support

Our college had been provided help throughout the entire project including PIs, Instructors, advisors, laboratories, and financial support.

Lab and modelling support

★ Professor Dongchang Sun ★

He provided the team with laboratory support and experimental guidance.

★ Professor Jianhua Ying ★

He provided the team Laboratory safety training and urged us to obey laboratory safety regulations.

★ Graduate student Xudan Mao ★

She helped the design of sgRNA which targets to panD and provided us the strain containing plasmid pTargetF.

★ Former team leader Geyi Wang ★

She shared her experience about experiment and always gave advices to help us further project.

★ Director Wei Zhang of HuaDong Medicine Co.,LTD. ★

She shared views about the problem that may be faced when put into use, which affects the direction of the modelling. Our modelling group decided to focus on solving the problems about energy, environment and cost.

★ Professor Feng Cheng ★

He provided feasibility evaluation about modelling work and pointed out something we can improve on.

Project advisor support

★ Academician Yinchu Shen ★

He made valuable observations on our project and encouraged deep exploration.

Presentation coaching

★ All of our PIs and Instructors ★

They provided advices when we were practicing the presentation.

Human Practices support

★ Director Fang of pharmacy department of Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital ★

She reminded us the fact that bacterial resistance is an urgent problem facing the world during an interview.

★ Professor Feng Cheng of Microbiology ★

He gave his opinions about how to solve the problem.

★ Teacher Wei Tang of Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences ★

He said that China does not have specific emission standards, policies, and laws for drug-resistant genes. He believes that if we can eliminate the resistance genes of engineered bacteria before discharge, then it is valuable to solve the problem of resistance gene contamination.

★ Director Shengchen Xu of Zhejiang Environmental Protection Bureau ★

He thought our project will be supported by the government, which proves that the project is beneficial to the world and responsible to the public.

★ Director Wei Zhang of HuaDong Medicine Co.,LTD. ★

She shared views about the problem that may be faced when put into use, which affects the direction of the dry and wet groups.

★ Public ★

We would like to express our appreciation towards those who participated in our questionnaire survey.

Acknowledgement

Thanks and acknowledgements for all other people involved in helping make a successful iGEM team. Thank you for accompanying and supporting us all the time!

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